Integration of metabolism Flashcards
[Identify the fuel used during the fed and fast state]
Brain
Fed: Glucose
Fast: glucose and ketone
[Identify the fuel used during the fed and fast state]
eryhthrocyte
Fed: Glucose
Fast: glucose
What are the active processes in the liver during the fed state?
- Glycogeneis
- Protein synthesis
- TAG synthesis
- PPP
- VLDL synthesis
What are the active processes in the liver during fasting state?
- Glycogenolysis
- Gluconeogenesis
- Beta oxidation
What are the active processes in the adipocytes during the fed state?
- Insulin-dependent glucose uptake
- Lipogenesis
- Storage of FA and TAG
- PPP
What are the active processes in the adipocytes during the fasting state?
- Mobilize TAG to provide FA for beta oxidation and glycerol for gluconeogenesis
What are the active processes in the skeletal muscles during the fed state?
- Insulin-dependent glucose uptake
2. Protein synthesis
What are the active processes in the skeletal muscles during the fasting state state?
- FFA provide major source of energy
- Ketone bodies
- Proteins are degraded for gluconeogenesis
What is the principal site of metabolism of BCAA?
Skeletal muscle
[Digestion]
What inhibits salivary amylase?
low pH
[Digestion]
Majority of the carbohydrate absorption happens in the ___
duodenum and upper jejunum
[Digestion]
what is the enterocyte transport proteinr for galactose and glucose
SGLT
[Digestion]
what is the enterocyte transport protein for fructose
GLUT 5
via FacDiff
[Digestion]
In the basement membrane of the enterocyte, what transports glucose, galactose and fructose?
Glut 2
[Digestion]
Emulsification of dietary lipids occur in which part of the GIT
duodenum
[Digestion]
pancreatic lipase digests TAG into what products
2 monoacylglycerols
2 free fatty acids
[Digestion]
TAGs that are directly absorbed. No need for micelles
Short and medium chain FA
[Digestion]
Which part of the enterocytes where dietary lipids are converted back to TAG
endoplasmic reticulum
[Digestion]
TAGs are packed as chylomicrons and released as ___
lacteals
[Digestion]
What converts pepsinogen to pepsin?
Hydrochloric acid produced by parietal cells
Pepsinogen are secreted by chief cells
[Digestion]
What activates trypsinogen and trypsin
Enteropeptidase
[Digestion]
Free amino acids are absorbed via what type of transport
secondary active transport, coupled with Na
[Digestion]
Di and tripeptides are transported to the enterocyte via
H+ linked transport system
Glutamic acid on active site of the enzyme. What amino acid have the least effect on enzyme activity?
Aspartic acid (D)
Acidic = glutamEc, asparDic acid
