Translation

Question 1

(effect of mutation on proteins) point mutations alter the codon in mRNA. ____ mutations do not affect the amino acid sequence of a protein

Answer 1

Silent

Question 2

(effect of mutation on proteins) point mutations alter the codon in mRNA. ___ mutations result in one amino acid being replaced by another

Answer 2

Missense

Question 3

(effect of mutation on proteins) point mutations alter the codon in mRNA. ___ mutations result in premature termination of the growing polypeptide chain

Answer 3

Nonsense

Question 4

____ mutations occur when the number of bases added or deleted is not a multiple of 3.

Answer 4

Frameshift mutations

Question 5

___ amino acid that initiate protein synthesis that is subsequently removed from the N-terminus of the polypeptide

Answer 5

methionine

In prokaryotes, its formyl-methionine

Question 6

___ is the site in the large ribosomal subunit wherein the methionyl-tRNA Met is bound

Answer 6

P site

Question 7

The formation of the initiation complex requires initiation factors, ____, and ____.

Answer 7

ATP and GTP

Question 8

Peptide bonds are formed in the between the amino group at the ___ site and the carbonyl at the ____

Answer 8

Amino group at the Asite
Carbonyl group at the P site

Enzyme: peptidyl transferase

Question 9

___ are set of genes that are adjacent to one another in the genome and are coordinately controlled that are either all turn on or off

Answer 9

operons

Question 10

___ stimulates the transcription of an operon. It binds to the repressor by inactivating it. Inactive repressor does not bind to the operator.

Answer 10

Inducer (induction is the process)

Question 11

___ amino acid is a corepressor in lac operon

Answer 11

tryptophan

Question 12

_____ is the tight association of histones and DNA and represents transcriptionally inactive areas of the genome

Answer 12

heterochromatin

Euchromatin are transcriptionally active areas of the genome