Vertebral column

Question 1

What are the main functions of the vertebral column?

Answer 1

Protection
Support
Axis
Movement

Question 2

What does each vertebrae have?

Answer 2

A vertebral body and a vertebral arch

Question 3

What is the vertebral body?

Answer 3

The anterior section of the vertebrae. It is weight bearing.

Question 4

What happens to the vertebrae as you go down the vertebral column?

Answer 4

They increase in size

Question 5

What lines the vertebral body?

Answer 5

Hyaline cartilage

Question 6

What can the vertebral body be used to diagnose?

Answer 6

Osteoporosis

Question 7

What separates each vertebral body?

Answer 7

A fibrocartilaginous intervertebral disc

Question 8

What is the function of the intervertebral discs?

Answer 8

Flexibility of the spine

Shock absorber

Question 9

What are the two regions of the vertebral disc?

Answer 9

Nucleus pulposus

Annulus fibrosus

Question 10

What is the structure of the Annulus fibrosus?

Answer 10

Tough and collagenous. It surrounds the Nucleus pulposus

Question 11

What is the structure of the Nuclus pulpsus?

Answer 11

Jelly like and posterior

Question 12

What is a slipped disc?

Answer 12

Herniation of the intervetebral disc

Question 13

What happens in herniation of the intervertebral disc?

Answer 13

The nucleus pulposus ruptures and breaks through the outer layer.

Question 14

In what direction does herniation of a intervertebral disc occur?

Answer 14

Posterior and lateral direction

Question 15

Why is there pain and symptoms when an intervertebral disc herniates?

Answer 15

Because of the direction it herniates in, there is pressure put on the spinal cord.

Question 16

Where is the vertebral arch?

Answer 16

Lateral and posterior

Question 17

What is the hole that a vertebral arch forms called?

Answer 17

Vertebral foramen

Question 18

How is the vertebral canal formed?

Answer 18

All the vertebral foramen line up

Question 19

What is in the vertebral canal?

Answer 19

The spinal cord

Question 20

Where are Pedicles?

Answer 20

On the left and right of the vertebral arches

Question 21

What are Lamina?

Answer 21

The bone between the transverse and spinal processes

Question 22

Where are the Transverse processes?

Answer 22

Lateral and posterior to the Pedicles

Question 23

Where are the Articular processes?

Answer 23

They are superior and inferior at the junctions of the Lamina and Pedicles

Question 24

What are the Spinous processes?

Answer 24

A posterior and inferior projection of bone

Question 25

How many Cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 25

Seven

Question 26

What are the 3 main distinguishing features of a Cervical vertebrae?

Answer 26

Bifid spinous process Foramen transversarium Vertebral foramen is trangular

Question 27

What is C1 called?

Answer 27

The Atlas

Question 28

What is C2 called?

Answer 28

The Axis

Question 29

What is special about C7's spinous process?

Answer 29

It is longer and doesn't bifurcate

Question 30

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 30

Twelve

Question 31

What is the main function of the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 31

To articulate with the ribs

Question 32

What does each thoracic vertebrae have?

Answer 32

2 Demi facets on each side of the ventral body

Question 33

What do Demi facets do?

Answer 33

Articulate with the respective rib and the one inferior to it

Question 34

Where is the Costal facet?

Answer 34

On the transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae

Question 35

What is the function of the Costal facet?

Answer 35

Articulation with its respective rib.

Question 36

Where is the spinous process?

Answer 36

Inferior and anterior

Question 37

What is the function of the spinous process?

Answer 37

Extra protection to the spinal cord.

Question 38

What shape is the Thoracic vertebral foramen?

Answer 38

Circular

Question 39

How many Lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 39

Five

Question 40

What is the largest of all the vertebrae?

Answer 40

The lumbar vertebrae

Question 41

What shape are the ventral bodies of the Lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 41

Kidney shaped and very large

Question 42

What is the shape of the Lumbar vertebral foramen?

Answer 42

Triangular

Question 43

What is the Sacrum?

Answer 43

Five fused vertebrae

Question 44

What does the Coccyx lack?

Answer 44

Vertebral arches

Question 45

What type of joint is the vertebral body joint?

Answer 45

Cartilaginous - Designed for weight bearing

Question 46

What ligaments strengthen the vertebral body joints?

Answer 46

Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments

Question 47

What does the anterior longitudinal ligament prevent?

Answer 47

It is thick and prevents hyperextentsion of the vertebral column

Question 48

What does the posterior longitudinal ligament prevent?

Answer 48

Weaker than anterior, but prevents hyperflexion

Question 49

What are the joints between the articular facets called?

Answer 49

Facet joints

Question 50

What do facet joints allow?

Answer 50

Gliding of the vertebrae over one another

Question 51

What ligaments strengthen the facet joints?

Answer 51

Ligamentum flava Infraspinous and Supraspinous Intertransverse ligaments

Question 52

What is Kyphosis?

Answer 52

Excessive thoracic curvature

Question 53

What does Kyphosis look like?

Answer 53

A hunchback deformity

Question 54

What is Lordosis?

Answer 54

Excessive Lumbar curvature

Question 55

What does Lordosis look like?

Answer 55

A swayback deformity

Question 56

What is Scoliosis?

Answer 56

A lateral curvature of the spine, unknown causes

Question 57

What is Cervical Spondylosis?

Answer 57

A decrease in the size of the intervertebral foramina, due to degeneration of the joints of the spine.

Question 58

What are the symptoms of cervical spondylosis?

Answer 58

There is pain due to pressure on the nerves