Elbow joint Flashcards
What are the articulations of the elbow joint?
The trochlear notch of the Ulna and trochlea of the humerus
The head of the radius and capitulum of the humerus.
What are the movements of the elbow joint?
Extension - Triceps and Aconeus
Flexion - Bracialis, Bracioradialis and Biceps
What type of joint is the elbow joint?
A synovial joint
What strengthens the elbow joint?
collateral ligaments (Radial and Ulnar)
What are the 3 important bursae in the elbow joint?
Intratendinosus
Subtendinosus
Subcutaneous
When does Subcutaneous bursitis occur?
Repeated friction or pressure.
Can become infected from a cut as it is relatively superficial.
When does Subtendinosus bursitis occur?
Repeated flexion and extension of the forearm.
When can the elbow becomes dislocated?
A child falling on a hand with the forearm flexed. Damages the Ulnar collateral ligament and can damage the ulnar nerve.
What is the most common type of elbow dislocation?
Posterior dislocation
What is a common form of dislocation in young children under 6?
Subluaxtion of the radial head (Not fully formed) as it slips through the annular ligament
What is tennis elbow?
Due to an overuse strain of the common tendon. In tennis elbow it is the pain in the lateral epicondyle from the common extensor origin.
What is golfers elbow?
From overuse strain. Pain in the medial epicondyle from the common flexor origin.
What is a supraepicondylar fracture?
A transverse fracture between the two epicondyles.
When can a supraepicondylar fracture occur?
Falling on a flexed elbow
What complications can occur from a supraepicondylar fracture?
Volkmann’s ischaemic contracture - uncontrolled flexion of the hand as the flexion muscles are fibrotic and short.
Damage to the medial, ulnar and radial nerves.
