The ankle joint

Question 1

What articulates at the ankle joint?

Answer 1

Tibia, Fibula, Talus

Question 2

What type of joint is the ankle joint?

Answer 2

Hinge type synovial joint

Question 3

What movements does the ankle joint allow?

Answer 3

Dorsiflexion

Plantarflexion

Question 4

What binds the Tibia and Fibula distally at the ankle joint?

Answer 4

Tibiofibular ligaments

Question 5

What are the ligaments of the ankle joint?

Answer 5

Medial ligament

Lateral ligament

Question 6

What does the medial ligament of the ankle joint protect against?

Answer 6

Over eversion of the foot

Question 7

What does the lateral ligament of the ankle joint protect against?

Answer 7

Over inversion of the foot

Question 8

How many ligaments make the Medial ligament of the ankle?

Answer 8

4

Question 9

How many ligaments make the lateral ligament of the ankle?

Answer 9

3

Question 10

What are the ligaments that make the lateral ligament of the ankle called?

Answer 10

Posterior talofibular
Anterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular

Question 11

What is important to remember when looking at an ankle fracture?

Answer 11

It has a ring structure so is likely to break in more than one place

Question 12

Which muscles cause Plantarflexion of the foot?

Answer 12

Muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg; Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris and Posterior tibialis

Question 13

Which muscles cause dorsiflexion of the foot?

Answer 13

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg; Tibialis anterior, extensor Hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus

Question 14

What commonly effects the ankle?

Answer 14

Ankle sprain

Pott fracture-dislocation

Question 15

How does an ankle sprain commonly occur?

Answer 15

Forced inversion of a plantarflexed weight bearing foot.

Question 16

Which ligament is commonly damaged in an ankle sprain?

Answer 16

The lateral ligament

Question 17

Why is the lateral ligament commonly damaged in an ankle sprain?

Answer 17

It is weaker than the medial ligament

It resists inversion

Question 18

When does a Pott fracture-dislocation occur?

Answer 18

When the foot is everted

Question 19

What are the 3 stages to a Pott fracture-dislocation?

Answer 19

1) Forced eversion fulls on medial ligaments, fracture of medial malleolus
2) Talus moves laterally, lateral malleolus breaks off OR fracture of the Fibula above tibiofibular joint
3) If tibia is pushed anteriorly, the talus shears off the distal proximal portion

Question 20

What are the 3 other joints in the leg?

Answer 20

Subtalar
Talocalcaneonavicular
Calcaneocuboid