Shoulder joint Flashcards
What articulates in the shoulder joint?
The head of the humerus and the Glenoid fossa of the scapula.
What is the nerve supply to the Glenohumeral joint?
The axillary nerve passes through it and subscapular and suprascapular nerves. (C5&C6)
What is the joint capsule made of?
A fibrous sheath
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
A synovial joint
What is the role of bursae?
To reduce friction
What is the most clinically important bursae in the glenohumeral joint?
Subacromial.
What ligaments are in the glenohumeral joint?
Superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments.
coroacohumeral ligament
Transverse humeral ligament
Coracoacromial ligament
Why is the coracoacromial ligament important?
It joins the acromion to the coracoid process of the scapula. This means that superior displacement of the humeral head is avoided due to the ligaments protective arch.
What are the movements of the shoulder joint?
Extension Flexion Adduction Abduction Medial rotation Lateral rotation
What contributes to mobility of the shoulder joint?
It is a ball and socket joint
It is a relative unstable joint
What contributes to stability of the shoulder joint?
The ligaments
The rotator cuff muscles
The glenoid labrum
What are the common injuries of the shoulder joint?
Anterior dislocation
Posterior dislocation
Rotator cuff tendonitis
How can an anterior discolation of the shoulder joint occur?
Trauma to an abducted arm (usually posterior direction)
What can be damaged in anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint?
Axillary nerve injury, leading to paralysis of the deltoid muscle and loss of feeling over the regimental badge area.
Can also have damage to the radial nerve as it is in the radial groove
What is rotator cuff tendonitis?
When there is repetitive use of the muscles there are degenerative changes in the subacromial bursae and supraspinatus tendon.
