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Anatomy > Muscles of the Hand > Flashcards

Muscles of the Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two groups of muscles that act on the hand?

A

Intrinsic

Extrinsic

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2
Q

Where are the extrinsic muscles mainly found?

A

In the forearm

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3
Q

What do the extrinsic muscles do?

A

Offer the forceful grip of the hand

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4
Q

Where are the intrinsic muscles found?

A

Inside the hand

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5
Q

What do the intrinsic muscles do?

A

The finer movements of the hand eg writing

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6
Q

What are the muscles of the hand?

A 
Adductor pollicis
Interossei
Thenar
Palmaris brevis
Lumbricals
Hyperthenar muscles
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7
Q

Which muscles are responsible for the fine movement of the thumb?

A

The thenar muscles

Adductor pollicis

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8
Q

Which nerve innervates the thenar muscles?

A

The median nerve

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9
Q

What are the 3 thenar muscles?

A

Oppenens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

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10
Q

Which is the largest of the thenar muscles?

A

Oppenens pollicis. It lies under the other two thenar muscles

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11
Q

What is the main action of the oppoenens pollicis?

A

Opposes the thumb by medially rotating and flexing the metacarpel on the trapezium

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12
Q

Where is the abductor pollicis brevis found?

A

Anteriorly to the oppoenens pollicis

Proximal to flexor pollicis brevis

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13
Q

What is the main action of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abducts the thumb

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14
Q

What is the main action of the flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flexes the metacarpel-phalangeal joint of the thumb.

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15
Q

What are the hypothenar muscles?

A

Opponens digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

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16
Q

Where are the hypothenar muscles located?

A

At the base of the little finger

Medial side of the palm

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17
Q

What nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles?

A

The ulnar nerve

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18
Q

Where is the opponens digiti minimi?

A

Deep to the hypothenar muscles

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19
Q

What is the main action of the opponens digiti minimi?

A

Produces opposition by rotating the metacarpel of the little finger towards the palm

20
Q

Where is the Abductor digiti minimi?

A

Superificial to the hypothenar muscles

21
Q

What is the main action of Abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abducts the little finger

22
Q

Where is the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Lateral to the abductor digiti minimi

23
Q

What is the main action of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flexes the metacarpel-phalangeal joint of the little finger

24
Q

What are the two muscles of the palm which do not fit into the hypothenar group or thenar group?

A

Adductor pollicis

Palmaris brevis

25
Q

What is special about the Adductor pollicis?

A

It has two heads with the radial artery passing through them to form the deep palmar arch

26
Q

What is the main action of the Adductor pollicis?

A

Adduction of the thumb

27
Q

What nerve innervates the Adductor pollicis?

A

The ulnar nerve

28
Q

Where is the palmaris brevis?

A

Superficial to the subsutaneous tissue of the hypothenar eminence

29
Q

What is the main action of the palmaris brevis?

A

Deepens the curvature of the hand to improve grip

30
Q

What nerve innervates the palmaris brevis?

A

The ulnar nerve

31
Q

How many lumbrical muscles are there?

A

Four. One associated with each finger.

32
Q

Why are the lumbricals essential for finger movement?

A

They link the extensor tendons with the flexor tendons

33
Q

What happens with denerveration of the lumbricals?

A

Ulnar claw

Hand of Benediction

34
Q

What is the main action of the lumbricals?

A

Flex at the metacarpal-phalangeal joint of the finger

Extend at the inter-phalangeal joint of the finger

35
Q

What innervates the lumbricals?

A

Medial 2 lumbricals = Ulnar nerve

Lateral 2 lumbricals = Median nerve

36
Q

Where are the interossei muscles?

A

Between the metacarpals

37
Q

What are the two types of interossei?

A

Dorsal interossei

Palmar interossei

38
Q

How many dorsal interossei are there?

A

Four

39
Q

Where are the dorsal interossei located?

A

Superficially

40
Q

What is the main action of the dorsal interossei?

A

Abduct the fingers at the metacarpal-phalangeal joint

41
Q

What innervates the dorsal interossei?

A

The ulnar nerve

42
Q

Where are the Palmar interossei located?

A

Anteriorly on the hand

43
Q

How many palmar interossei are there?

A

Three

44
Q

What is the main action of the palmar interossei?

A

Adducts the finger at the metacapal-phalangeal joint

45
Q

What innervates the palmar interossei muscles?

A

The ulnar nerve

Anatomy (45 decks)

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