Variation And Evolution Flashcards
Define classification
Means placing objects into groups based on similar characteristics
Define taxonomy
Is the science of classifying organisms
What is a species
SPC is a group of similar organisms that are capable of naturally interbreeding with each other to produce fertile offspring
What is the benefit of classification
To simplify the study of organisms
What is variation within a Species
It means that in a group of successfully interbreeding Organisms the individual members share different characteristics
What are acquired variations
They are not inherited they are learned or developed during life
What are inherited variation is
There are controlled by jeans
What cause inherited variations
Sexual reproduction and mutations
What are the three reasons sexual reproduction causes genetic variation
Humans have 46 chromosomes this means there about 8 million different combinations of chromosomes available as a result of meiosis
During meiosis process called crossing ever takes place this allows jeans to be exchanged between chromosome allowing combination of these jeans from the mother and the father
I fertilisation owing the random assortment of chromosomes in the egg and the sperm a vast range of variation as possible
What is a mutation
Spontaneous change in the amount or structure of DNA
Why domutations produce no change in the characteristics of a diploid organism
Because the dominant allele on the second homologous chromosomes can still produce the original protein
What is the name for non-reproductive cells
Somatic
Why Are mutations not harmlful to somatic cells
Because the gene that was altered may not be active in the particular body part example skin cell suffers mutation for saliva production
Why are me mutations in gametes very serious
This mutation may be inherited by the zygote and passed on to all thousands cells in the developing child
What are beneficial mutations
They produce an even better protein than the original ones
