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Biology > Food > Flashcards

Food Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is nutrition

A

The way in which organisms take in and use food

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2
Q

What are the functions of food

A

Energy
Repair growth
Chemicals needed for metabolic reaction

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3
Q

Main elements in food

A 
Carbon 
Hydrogen 
Nitrogen 
Oxygens
Phosphorus 
Sulfur
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4
Q

What is the metabolic role of carbs

A

Release energy in respiration.

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5
Q

What is the structural role of carbohydrate

A

Cellulose in cell walks

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6
Q

What are the uses of carbs

A

Store and use energy

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7
Q

What are the elements in carbs

A

Carbon hydrogen and oxygen

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8
Q

Example of a monosaccharide

A

Glucose sweets

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9
Q

Example of a disaccharide

A

Glucose + glucose = maltose

Glucose + galactos = lactose

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10
Q

What does starch consist of

A

Long chains of glucose

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11
Q

What is cellulose made of

A

Long chains of glucose rings joined by cross bonds

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12
Q

What is glycogen made from

A

Branched glucose molecule

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13
Q

What is the metabolic role of fat

A

Energy carried out in respiration

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14
Q

What is the structural role of fat

A

Cell membranes

Protective layer around organs

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15
Q

What are dats made of

A

One glycerol and 3 fatty acids

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16
Q

What is the metabolic role of protein

A

Makes enzymes hormones and antibodies

17
Q

What are the structural roles of protein

A

Fibrous = keratin

18
Q

What are the elements in protein

A

Carbon nitrogen oxygen hydrogen

19
Q

What are amino acids held together by

A

Peptide bonds

20
Q

What are many amino causes joined together called

A

Polypeptide chain

21
Q

What are the types of folding in protein.

A

Fibrous eg keratin

Globular eg hormones

22
Q

What are vitamins

A

Substances the body cannot make

23
Q

What is but c also know as

A

Ascorbic acid

24
Q

What is bit c needed for

A

Healthy connective tissues

25
Q

What happens when you lack bit c

A

Loose teeth

26
Q

What are the functions of vit c

A

Healthy bones and teeth

27
Q

What are minerals needed for

A

Form rigid body structures eg cell walls
Make soft body parts eg sulfur form muscle
Make body fluid eg sodium in tears

28
Q

Minerals required by plants

A

Calcium from soil to Pectate in cell walls

Magnesium absorbed from soul forms part of the structure of chlorophyll

29
Q

What are anabolic reactions

A

smaller molevukes to larger

Eg photosynthesis

30
Q

What are catabolic enzymes

A

Large molecules to small

Eg respiration

31
Q

What is hydrolysis

A

Addition of water to break a bond

32
Q

What is condesation teactuon

A

Removal of water to create a bind

Biology (22 decks)

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