Photosynthesis

Question 1

What is photosynthesis

Answer 1

The process whereby plants make food and oxygen using CO2 and water

Question 2

What kind of nutrition is photosynthesis

Answer 2

Autotrophic

Question 3

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 3

6CO2+ 6H2O ——->(light + chlorophyll) C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 4

What is light used for in photosynthesis

Answer 4

To make ATP which is to supply energy to make glucose

Question 5

What are the roles of photosynthesis

Answer 5

Plants use it to make food 
Animals get their food from plants 
Produces oxygen which is needed to release energy in respiration 
Responsible for forming fossil fuels 
Removes CO2 from the air

Question 6

What are the two stages in photosynthesis

Answer 6

Light stage and dark stage

Question 7

What does the light stage depend on

Answer 7

Dependent on energy energy provided by light

Question 8

What does the dark stage depend on

Answer 8

Does not depend on light

Question 9

Where does the light stage occur

Answer 9

Grana of the chloroplast

Question 10

What does the light stage involve

Answer 10

Fast movement of electrons

Question 11

Is the light stage controlled by enzymes

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What happens in the light stage

Answer 12

1. Light energy hits the leaves and gets trapped in the chlorophyll
2. Chlorophyll pigments absorb as much light as it can and passes this energy to a specially placed chlorophyll which in turn passes the energised electrons to the electron acceptor
3. The energised electrons leave the chlorophyll and take one of two pathways.

Question 13

What are the two pathways the energised electrons take after leaving the chlorophyll

Answer 13

Pathway 1
OR
Pathway 2

Question 14

What happens in pathway 1

Answer 14

1. Energised electrons leave the chlorophyll and go through a series of electron acceptors and go back again to the same chlorophyll it left.
2. The electrons loose energy and this is used to join ADP and P to form ATP. Water is also formed

Question 15

What is the chemical formula for pathway one

Answer 15

ADP + energy + P —-> ATP + water

Question 16

What is the addition of phosphate known as

Answer 16

Phosphorylation

Question 17

What is the phosphorylation

Answer 17

Source of energy is light

Question 18

Why is pathway one cyclic

Answer 18

Electrons flow from the chlorophyll to the electrons acceptor and back again

Question 19

What is pathway one called

Answer 19

Cyclic photophosphlorylation

Question 20

Why is pathway one call photophosphorylation

Answer 20

Due to the method of making ATP

Question 21

How does pathway two differ to pathway one

Answer 21

The electrons do not return to the chlorophyll in which it left

Question 22

What are the stages in pathway two

Answer 22

1. Electrons pass through a series of electron acceptors and then onto NADP+ to form NADP- energy isreleased in this process to make more ATP
2. The chlorophyll are now short of electrons and they are replaced by the splitting of water.
3. Protons are formed from the splitting of water are stored in a pool of protons in the chloroplast.
4. These protons are now attracted to NADP- and combine with it to make NADPH this will be used in the dark stage

Question 23

What are protons attracted to

Answer 23

NADP-

Question 24

When will NADPH be sued

Answer 24

Dark stage

Question 25

What is the chemical equation for pathway 2

Answer 25

ADP + energy + P -----> ATP + energy

Question 26

What is the pathway 2 also know as

Answer 26

No cyclic phosphorylation

Question 27

What is photolysis

Answer 27

``` Water split by light to form 2 protons (join in the pool of hydrogen in the chloroplast) 2 electrons ( replace electrons lost in pathway 2) 1/2 O2 (released into atmosphere) ```

Question 28

End products of the light stage

Answer 28

ATP energy for the dark stage NADPH provides proteins and energised electrons for the dark stage Oxygen made when water is split which is released into the atmosphere

Question 29

What is th dark stage also known as

Answer 29

Calvin cycle

Question 30

Where does the dark stage occur

Answer 30

Stroma of the chloroplast

Question 31

What is the dark stage controlled by

Answer 31

Enzyme which can be effected by ph and temp

Question 32

What are the stages of the dark stage

Answer 32

1. CO2 from the air combines with protons and Evectrons to form glucose 2 H+ and electrons come from the broken down NADPH TO NADP+ 3. Electrons are added 4. Energy required to form glucose comes from the ATP to ADP

Question 33

What is the reduction reaction

Answer 33

Carbon dioxide reduces to glucose

Question 34

What are the overall products of the dark stage

Answer 34

NADP+ and ADP and P and glucose

Question 35

What are the factors needed for photosynthesis

Answer 35

``` Chlorophyll Temperature Light Water CO2 ```

Question 36

Why is chlorophyll needed

Answer 36

Absorbs light

Question 37

Where is chlorophyll found

Answer 37

Chloroplast

Question 38

What chlorophyll made of

Answer 38

Magnesium

Question 39

Why is light needed for photosynthesis

Answer 39

Increases rate of photosynthesis to a certain point

Question 40

Why is water needed for photosynthesis

Answer 40

Absorbs from the soil

Question 41

What temp does photosynthesis work better

Answer 41

25 as it contains plant enzymes

Question 42

How can humans increase the rate of photosyntheis

Answer 42

Artificial light | Release CO2 glass and add sodium bicarbonate