Hard Past Questions Flashcards
What is metabolism
Sum of all chemical reactions in a cell
Name one catabolic and anabolic reaction
Anabolic - DNA replication
Catabolic - digestion
What is an enzyme
Biological catalyst
Advantages of using immobilised enzymes
Allow continuous flow
Can be resused
Name two substances in the school laboratory that can immobilise enzymes
Sodium Alginate
Calcium chloride
Name a mineral required by plants and why
Magnesium
To capture energy in the chlorophyll for photosynthesis
What does benedicts solution show
Reducing sugar
Why is water needed by organisms
Turgor pressure
Solvent
Hydration
What is the substrate of the celery enzyme experiment
Hydrogen peroxid
What does NAD stand for
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
What is carried by NAD
Protons and electrons
Name
A) metabolic and
B) structural
Role of protein
A) enzymes, hormones
B) hair nails skin
Name the products formed in the celery enzyme experiment
Oxygen and water
Name trace elements in the human diet
Iron
Copper
Zinc
Name an anabolic reaction in plants
Photosynthesis
What does immobilised mean
Attached or fixed to an inert substance or each other
What are the end products of the transport electron chain
Oxygen and protons
In what molecule is energy stored in the cell
ATP
Why are enzymes needed for metabolism
To control the rate of metabolic reactions
Two features of a denatured enzyme
Change in shape
Loss of function
What is the chemical nature of enzymes
Protein
What is the molecular shape of enzymes
Folded
What does optimum activity mean
Working at fastest rate
Write a note on ADP
Low Energy molecule
Adenine di phosphate
Write a note on the kerbs cycle
Occurs in second stage of respiration It is aerobic Starts with acetyl co enzymes ATP produced CO2 produced Hydrogen pairs produced. I'm mitochondria
Name 2 processes that require enzymes
Respiration
Breaking down of food
Photosynthesis
Why are enzymes in washing powder
To break down food
What is the addition of a phosphate group called
Phosphorylation
Why does immobilised enzymes take longer in the experiment
It takes longer for the sucrose to penetrate the alginate beads
Why do red blood cells not undergo mitosis
No nucleus
Name two changes at the end of interphase
Spindle fibres are present
Chromatin contracts
What does the human zygote divide by
Mitosis
What does meiosis give rise to ?
Haploid condition
What two processes involving DNA take place in interphase
Replication and transcription
