Genetic Engineering Flashcards
What is genetic engineering
The artificial manipulation or alteration of jeans
What is the process of genetic engineering
Cutting of small section of DNA a single gene called the target gene from one organism and inserting it into another
What is the name given to the altered DNA
Recombinant DNA
What is genetic splicing
To join two overlapping strands together
What are examples of the cross species transfer of jeans
Human genes can be inserted into bacteria
Bacterial jeans can be inserted into plants
Human genes can be inserted into other animals
What does genetic engineering require
A source of dna
A cloning vector
Restriction enzymes
DNA ligase
What is a cloning Vector
Special kind of DNA that can except foreign DNA and replicate itself and the foreign DNA
What is the most common cloning vector
Bacterial plasmid
What is DNA ligase used for
To combine the foreign DNA with the plasmid dna
How is recombinant DNA made
When DNA from two different organisms is cutUsing the same restriction enzyme the cut ends from both sources will be complimentary. If the cut sections are mixed together they will form based pairs and combine
What kind of enzyme is DNA ligase
Anabolic
What are the steps in the process of genetic engineering
Isolation cutting transformation cloning expression
What is isolation
The removal of the chromosomes from the human cell and the plasmid DNA from the bacterium
What happens in the cutting stage
Normally cut open at a single site the human DNA will be cut into many sections one of the sections contains the target gene
What is ligation
Joining of two sections of DNA to form a single strand
