Urine 2

Question 1

What happens if GFR is too high?

Too low?

Answer 1

Urine output Rises & Dehydration/ Loss of electrolytes

Waste are reabsored / Azotena may occur

Question 2

3 homeostasic mechanisms that regulate GFR / Basic Description

Answer 2

Renal auto regulation: Parasympathetic Control

Sympathetic Control : Stops blood flow to Kidneys

Hormonal Control: Blood Volume & Pressure

Question 3

Is autoregulation effective when the sympathetic nervous system is in control?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Granular cells contain ______ which are secreted when ______ drops

Answer 4

Renin / Blood pressure

Question 5

65% of glomerular filtrate is reabsored where?

Answer 5

Proximal Convoluted Tube

Question 6

What is the counter current multipielyer

Answer 6

Nephron Loop

A mechanism which expends energy to create a concentration gradient, allowing for reabsorpation of water and produces concentrated urine

Question 7

Does Renin-Angiotensin system raise or lower blood pressure?

Angiotensin 1

Aldosterone

Artrial Natriuretic Peptide

Answer 7

RAS: Raises BP

Angiotensin 1: Lowers

Aldosterone: Increases

Artial Natriutetic Peptide: Lowers

Question 8

The kidneys secrete the hormones ______ , that stimulates production of _______.

Answer 8

Renin-Angiotensin II

Aldostrone

Question 9

The kidneys function in the final step of making the hormone ______, which contributes to ______ homeostatis

Answer 9

Blank?

Question 10

The building blocks of protein are ______ which breaks down to formula ______, which the liver converts to _____

Answer 10

Amino acids, ammonia, urea

Question 11

Uric acid and creatine break down from what molecule?

Answer 11

Purines

Question 12

ADH works by inserting ______ unto cell membranes, making them more permeable to ____

Answer 12

Aqua Porins

Water

Question 13

Aldostrone is considered the ______ Retaining hormones, and functions to do what?

Answer 13

Salt

Increase BP

Question 14

What are the 4 actions of ANP that result in excretion of more salts/water in urine?

Answer 14

Dilates afferent arterials, constricts Efferent GFR increase

Inhibits Renin & Aldostrone secretion

Inhibits Secretion of ADH

Inhibits NaCl reabsorption in collecting ducts

Question 15

What is urine composed of? 6

Answer 15

Water 
Urea
Inorganic salts
Creatine 
Ammonia 
Pigmented products of blood breakdown

Question 16

The Bladder is stimulated for micturition at ____, considerado full at _____ and max at _____

Answer 16

150ml, 500ml, 750ml

Question 17

What is the trigone?

Answer 17

Smooth Muscle triangular surface of Bladder/ openings for urters and uerthea

Question 18

What are the Renal calculi?

Causes?

Answer 18

Kidney stones

To much Protein/ vitamins

Question 19

3 regions of male urethra?

Answer 19

Prostetic

Membranous

Penile

Question 20

What are the basics steps of involuntary/ voluntary neural control of micturition?

Answer 20

Detrusor Muscle: Involuntary

External Sphincter: Voluntary

Question 21

What is diabetes & 4 forms?

Answer 21

Diabetes is when the Pancreas is no longer able to make insulin

Diabetes mellitus:
Type 1: Genetic disorder
Type 2: Diet

Gestational: During Pregnancy

Insipidus: Imbalance of body fluids.

Question 22

The muscularis region of the Bladder is the _____, which is 3 layers of smooth muscle.

Answer 22

Detrussor Muscle.

Question 23

How much of your kidneys do you need for survival?

Answer 23

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