Urinary System

Question 1

Know the organs of the urinary system and their functions.

Answer 1

Kidney: Filter blood into urine

Bladder: Hold Urine before removal

Ureter: Carry urine from Kidney to Bladder

Uretha: Tube that let’s urine exit the body

Question 2

Path from blood to filtrate to Urine to Excretion

Answer 2

Affrent

Glomerulus

Proximal Convoluted Tube

Loop of Henly aka Nephron loop

Distal Convoluted Tube

Collecting Duct

Papilla

Minor Calyx

Major Calyx

Renal Pelvis

Ureter

Bladder

Uretha

Question 3

The Renal vein empties into the ____

Answer 3

Inferior Vena Cava

Question 4

4 body systems that carry out excretion

Answer 4

Resporary, integumentry, digestive, urinary

Question 5

What are the similares and differences between Vasa recta and peritublar capillaries

Answer 5

Vasa Recta: Medulla Efferent Arteries, Nephron Loop Juxtamedullary Nephron

Cortex Efferent Arteries: Golmerulus Proximal & Distal Convoluted Tube Cortical

Question 6

How many nephrons in Each kidney? 2 main division of Nephrons

Answer 6

1.2 Millones

Cortical & Juxamedullary

Question 7

What 2 structures make up the Renal Corpuscle?

Answer 7

Bowman capsule and glomerular capillaries

Question 8

How many layers to bowman capsule?

The visceral layer contains cells called what?

Answer 8

2

Podocytes

Question 9

4 regions of the Renal tubules?

Answer 9

Proximal Convoluted Tube ( Longest & Most coiled Microvilli Majority of Absorbation)

Nephron Loop

Distil Convoluted Tube: No Villi

Collecting Duct

Question 10

Type of Nephron is the majority

Answer 10

Cortical

Question 11

Funciona de Juxatmedullary Nephron

Answer 11

Maintain Salinary Gradient in the Medulla

Question 12

4 stages involved in converting blood plasma into urine? Know basic stage of each

Answer 12

Globular Filtration: In Golumolar

Tubular Reabsorption: Substances move out of the blood into the DCT and later parts if PCT

Tubular Secretions: Substances move out of the Blood into DCT & Later parts of PCT

Water Conservation

Question 13

What makes up the filtration membrane?

What can pass through and become filtration?

Answer 13

Fenestrated Capillaries, Basement Membrane, Filtration Slits

Water, Electrolytes, Glucose, Amino & Fatty Acids, Vitamins, Urea, Uric Acid, Creatine

Question 14

Prolonged Hypoxia causes ______ to deteriorate

Answer 14

Glomular

Question 15

Filtration pressure depends on _____ and ______ on each side of the filtration membrane?

Answer 15

Hydrostatic & Osmotic / Colloid

Question 16

Kidneys reduce _____ L of filtrate / day to only _____ L of urine each day.

What happens if GFR is to high?
Too low?

Answer 16

180 to 1

Urine output rises and dehydration and loss of electrolytes

Waste are Reabsorbed / Azotemia may occur