Tissues Flashcards by Jade Ring

4 primary tissue types

Their functions

Nervous: control & communication

Muscle: movement

Epithelial: cover and protect

Connective: Provide Support

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Study of tissues is called:

Histology

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2 types of nervous tissue cells

List the the parts & function of these cells

Neuron & Galia

Dendrite (Receives Info)

Cell body ( Contains Nucleus)

Axon ( Sends Info)

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3 types of muscle cells

Which contains multiple nuclei?

Which contains intercalated disc?

Which is shirt and tapered?

Which are striated?

Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth

Skeletal & Cardiac

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Two types of epithelial cells

Where are they located on the body?

Proper Epithelium: Covers & Lines your inner and outer body.

Glandular: Forms your glands (No suprise) 🤣🤣

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3 shapes of epithelial cells

Function and where are they found

Squamous: Surface of skin, lining of hollow organs, lining respiratory / digestive tracts
(Filtration & Diffusion)

Cubodial: Ovaries, Nephrons, Renal Tubes, Eye / Thyroid and Salivary Glands (Secretion & Absorption)

Columinar: Digestive Tract ( Secretion, Absorption, Protection)

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How can epithelial cells be layered?

Simple ( 1)

Stratified (Multiple)

Pseudo-Stratified Appeared Layered but only 1 layer

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What are the two polar ends of the epithelial cell called?

Apical towards outside or lumen

Basal towards the basement membrane

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Endocrine glands secret hormones where?

Bloodstream or nearby cells

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Exocrine glands secrete where?

Outside the body

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Connective tissues function is determined by?

Extracellular Matrix and fibers

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Connective tissue can be divided into 4 categories

Proper

Cartilage

Bone (Osseous)

Blood

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Connective tissue proper can be divided in to 2 categories

Loose & Dense

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Connective tissue proper Loose can be divided into 3 categories

Give basic function of each

Why is it called loose

Areola: Most common hold epithelial tissues in place

Reticular: Holds blood in place

Adipose: Storage place for lipids

It’s loose because there is less fibers present

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Connective tissue proper, Dense had 3 types:

What is the distinction of these tissue types

Regular ( Tendons & Ligaments)

Irregular ( Dermis)

Elastic ( Connect Vertebrate)

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Difference between tendon and a ligament?

Tendon: Muscle to Muscle or Bone

Ligament: Bone to Bone

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What is the extra cellular matrix composed of?

Ground Substances & Fibers

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An amorphous gelatinous material, fills the spaces between fibers & cells

Ground Substances

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3 types of fibers

Collagen: Most abundant & Strongest

Elastic: Allows for stretching and recoil

Reticular: Forms a meshwork to provide structural support to lymphoma organs

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The suffix “blast” mean…

What is the function of osteoblast and chondrablasts.

An immature cell

lay down new bone during skeletal development and remodelling

Development of cartilage. By producing extracellular matrix

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What is bone tissue aka

Osseous tissue

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2 types of Osseous Tissue & their location

Spongy- Heads of long bones & inner layer of flat bones

Compact- Outer layer of bones.

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Blood is made up of what?

Plasma (Liquid)

Solid: RBC(erythrocytes), WBC(Leukocytes) , Platelets

Most common cell type in connective tissue?

Fibroblasts

Type of tissue designed to be stretched

Transitional

This cell type contain goblet cells and are located in the digestive tract

Simple columnar

Pseduostraified mean a single layer with nucleuses at different levels True or False

True

Ductless, secretion of hormones

Endocrine glands

Have ducts secret sweat and oil

Exocrine glands

Most common Cartilage, lines your joints and caps the ends of your bones (sometimes referred to as articular cartridge)

Hyaline

Where is elastic Cartilage found

Outer ear

Highly cushionable disc like between vertebrae This type of Cartilage

Fibrocartiladge

___________ are caused when different ions cross the neuron membrane. Which ions go where

Action potential Sodium in Potassium out The opposite of the normal concentration

Neurotransmitters cross _______ between neurons

Synaptic gaps

________ are a gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve

Nodes of raviner

A shift in electric charge in a small area of a neuron

Graded potential

Convective tissue Proper Dense What is the function of the subtype Regular

Tendons and ligaments

Convective tissue Proper Dense What is the function of the subtype Irregular

Skin

Convective tissue Proper Dense What is the function of the subtype Elastic

Connect vertebra

Flat cell that looks like a fish scale under a microscope. These cells are found in the tissues that form the surface of the skin, the passages of the Respiratory and Digestive tracts, and the lining of the Hollow Organs of the body (such as the Bladder, Kidney, and Uterus, including the Cervix).

Squamous

________ are found in the epithelium lining of the ducts such as those in the pancreas, and of glands such as the salivary gland. also line the kidney tubules (small structures in the kidney that filter blood and produce urine).

Cuboidal cells

______ consist of a single layer of cells that are taller than they are wide. This type of epithelia lines the Small Intestine where it absorbs nutrients from the lumen of the intestine. Allso located in the Stomach where it secretes acid, digestive enzymes and mucous.

Simple columnar epithelium

Epithelial membrane that lines body cavity that are exposed to the outside of the body is called a ____ membrane

Mucous

These epithelial cells Filtration and diffusion Surface of skin, lining of hollow organs, lines digestive & respitory tract

Squamous

This epithelial cell Secrets & Absorbs: Ovaries, Nephrons, Renal Tubules, Thyroid & Saliva glands

Cubodial

This epithelial cell Digestive tract: Secretion, Absorption, Protection

Columnar

most common, found in the ribs, nose, larynx, trachea. Is a precursor of bone. This type of Cartilage

Hyaline

is found in invertebral discs, joint capsules, ligaments. This type of Cartilage

Fibro

Type of tissue Provides support and helps to protect organs, muscles, and many other tissues. It also helps to bind the skin together. Most common tissue type

Aerolar

type of loose connective tissue Forms the supporting framework of the lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils), bone marrow and liver.

Reticular

4 types of connective tissue

BLOOD BONES CARTILAGE CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER.

Connective tissue proper can be divided into 2 subcategories _____ connective tissue proper works to hold organs in place and is made up of extracellular matrix and collagenous, elastic and reticular fibers. _____ connective tissue proper is what makes up tendons and ligaments and consist of a higher density of collagen fibers.

Loose Dense

Adipose is an example of this tissue type

Connective tissue proper loose

Types of cartilage ---- most common, found in the ribs, nose, larynx, trachea. lines your joints and caps the ends of your bones. It is a precursor for bones ----- is found in invertebral discs, menisci of the knee,as well as smaller structures such as the glenoid and acetabular labra, and the lining of bony grooves for tendons. ligaments. ---- is found in the external ear, epiglottis and larynx.

Hyaline Fibro Elastic

a type of cell that contributes to the formation of connective tissue, a fibrous cellular material that supports and connects other tissues or organs in the body. secrete collagen proteins that help maintain the structural framework of tissues.

Fibroblasts