Nervous System

Question 1

Nervous system can be divided into 2 parts

Answer 1

Central and Peripheral Nervous system

Question 2

The Peripheral nervous system can be divided into 2 systems

Answer 2

Somatic (Voluntary)
Autonomic (Involuntary)

Question 3

Autonomic (involuntary) had 2 systems

What are thier functions

Answer 3

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Sympathetic Fight or flight

Parasympathetic Rest and Digest

Question 4

CNS glial cell that: Supports & Regulate Ions

Answer 4

Astrocyte

Question 5

CNS Glial cell that defends

Answer 5

Microglial cell

Question 6

CNS Glial cell that lines the cavity

Answer 6

Ependymal cells

Question 7

CNS Glial cell that Wrap and Insulate forming a myelin sheath

Answer 7

Oligodendrocyte

Question 8

PNS Glial cell that surrounds the neuron cell body

Answer 8

Satellite cell

Question 9

PNS Glial cell that Insulate, help form myelin sheath

Answer 9

Schwan’s cell

Question 10

Which type of neurons are sensory or affrent

Answer 10

Unipolar

Question 11

Motor or efferent neurons are which shape

Answer 11

Multipolar

Question 12

What is the function of an interneuron and which shape are they?

Answer 12

They communicate between sensory and motor neurons

Multipolar

Question 13

Type of channel that opens when a neurotransmitter latches on to its receptor

Answer 13

Ligand-gated Channels

Question 14

What is the mechanism by which controls membrane potential?

Answer 14

Sodium potassium pump

Question 15

The difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a cell

Answer 15

Membrane Potential

Question 16

How does the PNS receive information

Through the use of what?

Answer 16

Thermoreceptors

Photoreceptors

Chemoreceptors

Mechanoreceptors

Nociceptora (Pain)

Question 17

Affrent:

Efferent: AKA

Answer 17

Sensory: Towards the CNS

Motor: away from the CNS

Question 18

Clusters of neuron cell bodies that house millions of synapses

Answer 18

Ganglia

Question 19

Function of muscle and spindle fibers

Answer 19

Prevent a muscle from over stretching

Question 20

Explain 5 components Reflex Arc

What is its purpose

Answer 20

1. Receptor
2. Sensory (Affarent) Neuron
3. Control / Intergration Center
   Interneuron
4. Motor (Efferent) Neuron
5. Effector ( Muscle )

By pass the CNS for a quick response

Question 21

Afferent neurons go where

Efferent neurons go where

Answer 21

Towards CNS

Away from CNS

Question 22

When pain is sent to the brain, which areas does it go to.

Answer 22

Thalamus: “The Router”

Somatosensory Cortex: IDs and localizes the pain.

Limbic system: Emotional Suffering

Frontal lobe: Allows you to figure out WHY your in pain;Example: I stepped on a tack.

Question 23

Where do Sympathetic Nerves arise from?

Answer 23

Thoracolumbar Area

Question 24

Where do Parasympathetic Nerves arise from?

Answer 24

2 regions: Craniosacral

Question 25

A chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiber by the arrival of a nerve impulse, by diffusion across the synapse or junction, transferring the impulse to another nerve fiber, muscle , or other structure

Answer 25

Neurotransmitter

Question 26

Cheif neurotransmitter of the Parasympathetic nervous system that contracts smooth muscles, dilates blood vessels, increase bodily secretions, and slows heart rate

Answer 26

Acetylcholine (AcH)

Question 27

Order of transmission from stimuli to action in Sympathetic Nervous system

Answer 27

Preganglion cell Ganglion Postganglion Effector organ

Question 28

All pre & post Ganglion cells release _______ except ______ _______ which releases norepinephrine

Answer 28

ACh Acetylcholine Post Ganglionic Sympathetic

Question 29

Sympathetic NS also actives the Endocrine system by stimulating the _______ _______ to release norepinephrine & epinephrine

Answer 29

Adrenal Glands

Question 30

Do neurotransmitters Inhibts or Excite Effectors?

Answer 30

Both

Question 31

Alpha receptors on smooth muscle do what in the presence of norepinephrine? How about beta cells?

Answer 31

Alpha Cells contract smooth muscle Beta Cells relax smooth muscle

Question 32

Sympathetic nerves are located where? Parasympathetic?

Answer 32

Sympathetic: Thorocolumbar (Near Spinal Cord) Parasympathetic: Cranial Sacral (Near Effectors)

Question 33

Onward old orcs towards the argonath for a great villain, slays hobbits.

Answer 33

12 cranial nerves mnemonic

Question 34

Some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter more

Answer 34

Mnemonic to remember if a cranial nerve is motor or sensory or both

Question 35

12 cranial nerves in order

Answer 35

Olfactory optic oculurmotor trochlear trigeminal ( Face & Jaw) abducens ( Some eye movements) facial ( Expressions) auditory glossopharyngeal (tongue & pharynx) Vagus (Heart & Stomach) Spinal accessory (Move head ) Hypoglossal (Swallow & Talk)

Question 36

Difference between a Plexus and a Ganglion?

Answer 36

A Ganglion is a bundle of nerves A Plexus is made of Ganglion

Question 37

Spinal nerves that brach off the spinal cord are part of which portion of the nervous system? Central Peripheral Autonomic

Answer 37

Autonomic

Question 38

the site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cells (neurons) or between a neuron and a gland or muscle cell (effector)

Answer 38

Neuromuscular junction/ synapse

Question 39

Neurons only can transmit 1 signal but can vary its _____ to change its meaning

Answer 39

Frequency (Number of time)

Question 40

The measure of potential energy generated by separated charge

Answer 40

Membrane Potential in body Voltage in physics

Question 41

Flow of electricity from 1 point to another

Answer 41

Current

Question 42

The sodium ions on the outside of a neuron have this charge. While the potassium in the inside of this charge

Answer 42

Positive (More Positive)/ Positive

Question 43

____ are changes in membrane potential that vary in size, as opposed to being all-or-none

Answer 43

Graded potential

Question 44

The ______ are specialized to release the neurotransmitters of the presynaptic cell.

Answer 44

Axon terminals

Question 45

What affect does myelin have on an axon

Answer 45

myelin sheath: speeds up signal transmission along the axon

Question 46

This regular state of a negative concentration gradient is called _____

Answer 46

resting membrane potential.

Question 47

Which term describes the cell membrane potential of a neuron at rest? Polarized Depolarized Repolarized Hyperpolarized

Answer 47

Polarized