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AP > Lymphatic & Immune System > Flashcards

Lymphatic & Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

A watery solution doesn’t contain red blood cells

A

Lymph

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2
Q

Monitor and cleanse the lymph

A

Lymph nodes

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3
Q

Tonsils, Adenoids, Spleen,Lymph nodes, Pryers Patches

Thymus & Bone Marrow

A

2ndary lymph organs

Primary lymph organs

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4
Q

2 lymphatic ducts

Where do they collect and dump lymph?

A

Right lymphatic duct: Right side of the body from midtorso up

Interal jugglar

Larger Thoracic Duct
Rest of the body

Brociocephalic

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5
Q

Which cells directly attack invaders

A

T cells

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6
Q

Which immune cells secrete Antibodies into the blood

A

B cells

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7
Q

Which type immune cells eat foreign substances

A

Phagocytes

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8
Q

Lymphocytes are found in loose Reticular Conective tissue

True or False

A

True

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9
Q

What does MALT stand for and where is it located

A

Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissues

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10
Q

What Malt tissue is located in the distal portion of the small intestine

A

Peyer’s Patches

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11
Q

Innate defense system is aka….

Adaptive defense system is aka…

A

Nonspecific

Specific

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12
Q

Macrophage and neutrophils are both which type of immune cells?

What is the difference

A

Innate / Phagocytes

Neutrophils can only eat once while macrophage can eat many times.

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13
Q

These cells will destroy (release an enzyme that pokes a hole in) your own cells for lack of MHC1 (Major Histocimpatibilty Complex 1) a lack of MHC1 signals a cell is Unhealthy.

A

Natural Killer cells

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14
Q

These immune cells are located in connective tissue Not circulating in the blood.

They are a granulocyte similar to basophil in function

A

Mast cells

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15
Q

Who are the first responders in the immune system

A

Neutrophils

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16
Q

Where are the Leukocytes made

A

Red Bone Marrow

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17
Q

Which Leukocytes “sounds the alarm” on invaders and releases histamine

A

Basophils

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18
Q

Adaptive defense can be divided into 2 categories

A

Humoral immunity

Cellular Defenses

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19
Q

Which type of immunity dispatches the Antibodies

A

Humoral

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20
Q

Large signaling molecules that could be a bacteria, fungi, or diseased cell that get the adaptive immune system riled up

A

Antigens

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21
Q

This cell of the adaptive defense matures in the bone marrow. When it encounters an antigen it devours it and makes replicate cells with its antibody on it.

A

B cells

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22
Q

B cells after taking in an antigen clone themselves and make two types of cells as clones

A

Effector cells (fighters)

Memory cells (long lived)

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23
Q

Antibodies can bind to antigens as “free floating” in which 2 manners

A

Agglutination: Several antigens stuck together by antibodies

Neutralization: Antibodies surround the binding sites of the antigen

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24
Q

Active and passive humoral immunity
Give examples

A

Active: B cells coming in direct contact with the antigen

Passive: recieving the antibody made by someone else

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25
What happens after a Professional Antigen Presenting Cell eats an antigen? What is this called
He displays it on his phospholipid bilayer Class 2 MHC Major Histomine Complex
26
5 types of T cells Functions
1. Helper T cells ( Call the shots for humoral adaptive immune responce.) 2. Cytotoxic ( Do the killing of cells) 3. Memory 4. Suppressor 5. Natural Killer
27
How helper T cells " Raise the Alarm" By "Raising the Alarm" what happens
Cytokines stimulates killer T cells, macrophages, and B cells to make immune responses.
28
Two autoimmune diseases and how and what they effect.
MS: eats away at the myelin sheath around neurons Type 1 diabetes: destroys pancreatic B cells that make insulin
29
The major difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity
Humoral immunity produces antigen-specific antibodies, whereas cell-mediated immunity does not
30
Humoral immunity can be divided into 2 types. Describe them and how they come about.
Active: when the body makes its own antibodies Passive: when the body receives antibodies from another source ( Not self-made)
31
Types of active humoral immune What are they and give examples
Natural: The body makes an antibody after encountering a Pathogen "in the Wild" Artificial: The body makes an antibody after exposure to a vaccine.
32
2 types of passive humoral response. Give examples
Natural: Material Antibodies passed from the placenta Artificial: A person is given an injection with antibodies. (Gamma gobulin)
33
2 types of immunity
Adaptive & Innate
34
Histamines, leukotrienes, prostaglandines are all
Inflammatory cytokines
35
In the innate immune system inflammatory cytokines cause (vasodilation/ vasoconstriction) which produces heat and redness
Vasodilation
36
What are formed elements in the blood
Rbc, wbc, platelets
37
What is edema
Swelling of tissues
38
Where are immune cells made
Red Bone Marrow
39
Function of the spleen
Stores blood. Filters blood by removing cellular waste and getting rid of old or damaged blood cells. Makes white blood cells and antibodies that help you fight infection. Maintains the levels of fluid in your body.
40
Difference between Cytotoxic T cells and Natural Killer cells
Natural killers dont need to be presented with an antigen to kill, unlike Cytotoxic T cells
41
Killer T cells and B cells are stimulated to act by a protein that these cells release
Helper T cells
42
Which is the first line of defense when a pathogen invades. B cell T cell Macrophage Mucous covering
Mucous covering
43
The immune system in general can be divided into 2 parts
Innate & Adaptive
44
Granulocytes including Neutrophils, Esophils, Basophils & Mass cells are this part of the innate immune system Monocytes which get turned into Macrophages & Dendritic cells are this part of the innate immune system
Non-antigen Presenting Antigen Presenting
45
This Granulocytes of the innate immune system is the most abundant and the 1st responder
Neutrophils
46
This Granulocytes of the innate immune system Phagocyses parasites
Esonophil
47
These cells work with Mass cells for allergy response
Basophils
48
These cells are part of the innate immune system and release histamines
Mass cells
49
Released from an infected cell as a Warning to other nearby cells of the infection. Part of the innate immune system.
Interferons
50
These cells are Antigen Presenting cells.
Monocyte / Macrophage Dendritic cells B
51
_____ found in the blood are activated in tissue and become macrophages
Monocytes
52
Adaptive immune system can be divided into 2 categories
Humoral & Cell Mediated
53
Adaptive defense contains which type of immune cells in general
Lymphocytes
54
Which type of lymphocytes are in cell mediated immunity
T cells
55
The adaptive Humoral immune system contains these type of cells
B cells
56
What function does the lymphatic system complete?
Immune
57
Lymph contains pathogens, which are destroyed in _____ by WBC
Lymph nodes
58
This is the "red blood cell graveyard" and monitors the content of the blood
Spleen
59
This major feature collects lymph before sending it to the Throasic duct
Cisterna Chyli
60
Throasic duct dumps into....
Left subclavian and left internal jugglar
61
Right lymphatic duct returns fluid to....
Right subclavian and right internal jugglar
62
Lymphocytes consists of...
Natural killer, T, B cells
63
Kupffer cells are...
Macrophages of the in the liver
64
Dust cells are...
Macrophages in the lungs
65
______ act to suppress immune response, thereby maintaining homeostasis and self-tolerance.
Regulatory T cells
66
This is a  groupings of lymphoid follicles in the mucus membrane that lines your small intestine. 
Peyer's patches

AP (37 decks)

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