Urinary

Question 1

The function of this system is to regulate water volume, concentrations, and _______

Also

Influencing your ____________

Answer 1

Ph levels

Blood pressure

Question 2

The urinary system convets amino acids to _______ .

Which in turn gets converted by the liver to _______.

Answer 2

Ammonia

Urea

Question 3

3 layers of the kidney starting with the most superficial

Answer 3

Renal Cortex

Renal Medulla

Renal Pelvis

Question 4

A set of cone-shaped masses of tissue that secrets urine into tiny sac-like tubules

Answer 4

Renal Medulla

Question 5

A funnel-shapped tube surrounded by smooth muscle that uses peristalsis to move urine out of the kidney, into the Ureter, and into the bladder.

Answer 5

Renal Pelvis

Question 6

The kidney is made up of filtering units called

Answer 6

Nephrons

Question 7

Each nephron includes a filter called

Answer 7

A glomerulus

Question 8

The nephrons work through a two-step process: the ______ filters your blood, and the _______ returns needed substances to your blood and removes waste.

Answer 8

Glomerulus

Tubule

Question 9

Micturition

Answer 9

Urination

Question 10

Leukocytes in the urine called pyuria is a sign of

Answer 10

Urinary Tract Infection

Question 11

Glucose in the urine called glycosuria is a sign of

Answer 11

Diabetes mellitus

Question 12

Erythrocytes in the urine called hematuria is a sign of

Answer 12

Bleeding in the urinary tract

Question 13

Protein in the urine called proteinuria / albuminuria is a sign of

Answer 13

Working out too much , pregnancy, high blood pressure, heart failure, sever hypertension

Question 14

From kidneys to _____ to _____ and finally _____ then urine leaves the body.

Answer 14

Ureter, Bladder, urethra

Question 15

3 layers of the bladder

Answer 15

Inner mucosa

Detrusor

Outer membrane

Question 16

The folds when the bladder collapses

Answer 16

Rugae

Question 17

In the Pons there are 2 areas concerned with urination what do they do

Pontine storage area

Pontine micturation center

Answer 17

Inhibits urination

Allows for urination

Question 18

Blood flows into the Nephron from the

Answer 18

Affrent arterioles

Question 19

Where does filtration take place
(General Structure)

Answer 19

Glomerulus

Question 20

From the bowman capsul to where

Answer 20

PCT

Question 21

Where does secretion and reabsorption occur?

Answer 21

Peritubular capillaries

Question 22

What is the difference between bowmans capsule and glomerulus.

Answer 22

Bowman’s capsule is a single layer of epithelial cells surrounding the glomerulus

The glomerulus is a cluster of blood capillaries filtering the blood plasma.

Question 23

Amino acids break down

The anime group gets turned into ammonia which the ____ converts into urea

Answer 23

Liver

Question 24

Kidneys are located in the Retorperitoneal cavity describe this area

Answer 24

Behind the Peritoneal cavity

Question 25

Funnel shapped tube surrounded by smooth muscle that uses peristalsis to move urine out of the kidney, into the Ureter, to the bladder

Answer 25

Renal Pelvis

Question 26

A set of cone shapped masses that secrete urine into tiny sac-like tubules

Answer 26

Renal medulla

Question 27

These consist of a renal corpuscle and renal tube

Answer 27

Nephron

Question 28

The _____is composed of two structures, the glomerulus and the Bowman's capsule.

Answer 28

Renal corpuscle

Question 29

Glomerular filtration Blood enters _____ and allows fluid, ions, amino acids to pass from the blood to the capsule They divert RBCs & Proteins to the _____ to reenter the blood stream

Answer 29

Glomerulus Vasa recta

Question 30

From glomerulus to 1 ____, 2____, 3_____ 4_____ 5 ___

Answer 30

Bowmans capsule Proximal convoluted tube Nephron loop aka Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tube Collecting duct

Question 31

_________ is the process by which the nephron removes water and solutes from the tubular fluid and returns them to the circulating blood.

Answer 31

tubular reabsorption

Question 32

_______ is the process by which the nephron removes water and solutes from the tubular fluid and returns them to the circulating blood.

Answer 32

tubular reabsorption

Question 33

Most of tubular reabsorption happens here

Answer 33

PCT

Question 34

____ protects the kidney from outside damage. Surronds the renal cortex

Answer 34

Renal capsule

Question 35

From inside the kidney outwards Renal pyramids go to Renal ___ The next structure are these two which share a name The next structure _____ is a large bulge before the Uteter

Answer 35

Papillae Minor and major calyx Renal pelvis

Question 36

Between the Renal pyramids are the....

Answer 36

Renal columns

Question 37

______ brings blood into the nephron

Answer 37

Afferent arteriole

Question 38

What encloses the glomerulus

Answer 38

Bowmans capsule

Question 39

This process involves substances in the blood vessels going to into the tubules to be eliminated $$$ good card $$$

Answer 39

Tubular secretion

Question 40

Filtrate in tubules go into blood vessels is this process $$$ Good card $$$

Answer 40

Tubular Reabsorption

Question 41

Dehydration and low sodium levels the body will do this process Reabsorption/ secretion

Answer 41

Reabsorption

Question 42

Too much glucose in the blood will trigger Tubular secretion or Tubular reabsorption

Answer 42

Tubular secretion

Question 43

The Efferent arterioles surrond the Tubules in a system called _____ which allow the transfer of molecules between the two systems

Answer 43

Peritubular Capillary Network

Question 44

The _____ Artery goes into the glomerulus the ____ Artery leaves

Answer 44

Affrent/ Efferent

Question 45

Which part of the tubules is in the renal medulla. The rest are located in the cortex

Answer 45

Loop of Henley

Question 46

Where does filtration take place Renal Cortex or Renal Medulla

Answer 46

Renal Cortex

Question 47

Renal Artery & Renal Vein both go through this structure in the kidney

Answer 47

Renal Column

Question 48

Which of the following is not a function carried out by the kidneys Excretion of waste products out of the body Fluid electrolyte balance Acid + Base balance Circulating blood throughout the body

Answer 48

Circulating blood throughout the body

Question 49

Which of the following is the protective layer covering the exterior of the kidney Renal Cortex Renal Medulla Renal Capsule Renal Pelvis

Answer 49

Renal Capsule

Question 50

Collecting ducts - Renal Papillae - Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Renal Pelvis -Ureter Describes what

Answer 50

Urine leaving the body

Question 51

What is the name of the arteriole delivering unfiltered blood to the glomerulus Renal arteriole Affrent arteriole Efferent arteriole Glomerular arteriole

Answer 51

Afferent arteriole

Question 52

Which major blood vessel carries blood to the kidney to be filtered

Answer 52

Renal Artery

Question 53

The indentation where blood vessels enter and exit the kidney is called Renal hilum Renal Cortex Renal Pelvis Renal pyramids

Answer 53

Renal hilum

Question 54

In which layer of the kidney does filtration take place Renal Medulla Renal Capsule Renal Cortex Renal Pelvis

Answer 54

Renal Cortex

Question 55

The cup like structures that collects urine exiting renal papilla are called the _____ & _____ Minor and Major Calyx Renal Cortex and renal medulla Major pyramids and minor pyramids Renal Pelvis and ureter

Answer 55

Minor and major Calyx

Question 56

What is the functional unti of the kidney

Answer 56

Nephron

Question 57

What are not filtered through the glomerulus, instead they exit the glomerulus via the Efferent arteriole

Answer 57

Erythrocytes/ Leukocytes & Proteins

Question 58

What are the steps to urine formation (3)

Answer 58

Glomerulus filtration, Tubular Reabsorption, Tublar Secretion

Question 59

The peritublar capillaries are a network of capillaries surrounding the renal tubules, their function is to Absorb blood back into the body Absorb needed nutrients and secret excess water Absorb waste product from the kidneys Reabsorb material that the body needs and secret waste that the body doesn't need

Answer 59

Reabsorb material that the body needs and secret waste that the body doesn't need

Question 60

Select all that apply Which of the following are true regarding the urinary system The renal system excretes unwanted substances such as metabolic waste, excess ions, and toxins by creating urine. The renal system maintains blood volume and blood pressure by alternating the amount of water excreted via urine When the kidneys need oxygen they produce Erythropoietin in order to stimulate RBC production in the bone marrow

Answer 60

All of the above

Question 61

Select all that apply Which are true regarding the renal system The renal system maintains the blood PH at a normal level between 7.35 and 7.45 The renal system maintains PH by keeping a normal ratio of hydrogen ions to bicarbonate ions The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, the lower the PH

Answer 61

All of the above

Question 62

Select all that apply Which are true regarding the renal system Uric acid and creatine are both waste products excreted in urine The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldostrone system (RAAS) is a mechanism that works to increase blood pressure when low blood pressure is detected in the afferent arteriole The renal Artery supplies unfiltered blood to the kidney while the renal vein takes filtered blood out of the kidney

Answer 62

All of the above

Question 63

Where in the nephron does Reabsorption and secretion take place?

Answer 63

Renal tubules PCT, loop of Henley, DCT, Collecting duct

Question 64

A paitent is admitted with high glucose in their urine. Which process as a result of Negative Feedback will attempt to correct this.

Answer 64

Tubular secretion To be urinated out