Urinary System Mod 13 Flashcards
What organs are in the urinary system?
2 kidneys
2 ureters
1 bladder
1 urethra
What are the 6 internal structures inside the kidneys?
- Renal cortex: outer layer
- Renal medulla: inner portion of the kidney
- Renal pyramids: triangular divisions of the medulla
- Renal papilla: narrow innermost end of the pyramid
- Renal pelvis: expansion of the upper end of the ureter
- Calyx: divisions of the renal pelvis
What do nephrons consist of?
Renal corpuscle and renal tubule
What is the bowmans capsule?
Cup shaped top that surrounds the glomerulus
What is the glomerulus?
Network of blood capillaries inside the bowmans capsule
What is an afferent arteriole?
Delivers blood to the glomerulus
What is the efferent arteriole?
Delivers blood from the glomerulus
Define the loop of henle
Extension of the renal tubule
Consists of a descending limb, loop and ascending limb
Define the distal convoluted tubule
Extension of the ascending limb
Define the collecting tubule
Straight extension of the distal tubule
Define the proximal convoluted tubule
First deferment if the renal tubule
What are the main functions of the urinary system?
Maintains homeostasis and blood pressure
Stimulates red blood cell production
Disposes nitrogenous waste from the blood
What are the 3 processes of urine formation?
- Filtration
- Reabsorption
- Secretion
What goes on during filtration?
It is the transfer of fluid and solutes from the glomerular capillaries aping a pressure gradient into bowmans capsule
What happens during reabsorption?
It is the movement of substances out of renal tubules into blood in peritubular capillaries
What happens during secretion?
It is the movement of substances into the urine in the distal and collecting tubules from blood in the peritubular capillaries
Define hormones in the control of urine volume
There is an antidiuretic hormone that tells the tubules and the loop of henle how much water to bring back
And there is a atrial natriuretic hormone in the heart wall that can tell how much water is in the heart
What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Secretes renin that makes blood vessels dilates and constricts
What is anuria?
No pee
What is oligura?
Little pee
What is a normal amount of pee an hour?
30 mL an hour
What is polyuria?
Excess pee
What is the function of ureters?
Drains urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder
What is the function of the urethra?
Passage of urine to the toilet and is also where sperm comes out
