Structure And Function Mod 1

Question 1

What is the definition of anatomy?

Answer 1

The study of body parts in humans and animals

Question 2

What is the definition of physiology?

Answer 2

The study of how body parts in human and animals work

Question 3

Define atrophy

Give an example

Answer 3

Body structure can vary in size and decrease in size when an organ is not used
Atrophy is a natural part in aging

Question 4

What is the structural levels that create a human body?

Answer 4

Atom->Molecule->Cell->Tissue->Organ->Organ System->Organism (Body)

Question 5

Define the chemical level in the body

Answer 5

It is the simplest level within the structural hierarchy
It includes the smallest building blocks or matter (ATOMS), they combine to form molecules which combine to form organelles.

Question 6

List the order of the chemical level

Answer 6

Atoms->Molecules->Organelles

Question 7

Define the cellular level

Answer 7

Made up of smallest living matter (THE CELL)

Each type of cell carries out a set of unique tasks in the human body

Question 8

Define the tissue level

Answer 8

A group of similar cells that have a common function

Contains 2 different types of cells

Question 9

What are the four basic types of tissues?

Answer 9

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

Question 10

Define the organ level

Answer 10

A structure is composed of at least 2 different tissue that perform a specific function in the body

Question 11

Define the organ system level

Give an example

Answer 11

One or more organs that work in unison to do a task.
Example: The heart and blood vessels work together to circulate blood through the body to give oxygen and nutrients to the cells

Question 12

Define the organismal level

Answer 12

The highest level of organization

All structural functions working together

Question 13

Define anterior and posterior

Answer 13

Anterior-front of the body also known as ventral

Posterior- back of body also known as dorsal

Question 14

Define superior and interior

Answer 14

Superior-above

Inferior-below

Question 15

Define medial and lateral

Answer 15

Medial-toward the midline

Lateral-away from the midline

Question 16

Define proximal and distal

Answer 16

Proximal-toward a point of origin ex. Up the legs and arms

Distal-away from the point of origin ex. Down the arms and legs

Question 17

Define deep and superficial

Answer 17

Deep: farther into the body surface ex. A deep cut that needs stitches
Superficial: away from the body ex.paper cut

Question 18

What is in the dorsal cavity?

Answer 18

The brain and spinal cord

Question 19

What 2 cavities are in the ventral cavity? and what separates them?

Answer 19

Thoracic cavity and the abdominalpelvic cavity

The diaphragm

Question 20

What 2 cavities are divided from the thoracic cavity and what organs are inside?

Answer 20

The mediastinum cavity (trachea & heart)

The pleural cavity (lungs)

Question 21

Define homeostasis

Answer 21

When internal conditions remain stable regardless of external factors things that need to be in balance is pH, temperature, sugars.

Question 22

Give an example of a positive feedback loop

Answer 22

When an output of a system gets amplified with a positive gain and added to the signal before the amplifier

Question 23

Give an example of a negative feedback loop

Answer 23

Reducing the output of an organ or a system back to its normal functioning range

Question 24

What are the three independent components in homeostasis?

Answer 24

Receptor, control centre and effector