Skeletal System Mod 5

Question 1

What are 3 types of bone cells?

Answer 1

Osteocytes, osteoclasts and osteoblasts

Question 2

What is the function of osteocytes?

Answer 2

They just chill, mature bone cells and maintain bone

Question 3

What is the function of osteoblasts?

Answer 3

Bone builders

Question 4

What is the function of osteoclasts

Answer 4

Destroy and break down cells, and bone matrix

Question 5

What is osteogenesis?

Answer 5

Bone formation and development

Question 6

What are 2 ways that osteogenesis occurs? And what do they do?

Answer 6

Inframembranous ossification ( no cartilage )and endochondrial ossification (replaces cartilage)

Question 7

What are the 5 types of bones?

Answer 7

Long, short, flat, sesamoid and irregular

Question 8

Define the outside of a long bone

Answer 8

Diaphysis: hollow tube of hard compact bone
Epiphysis: compact on the outside, spongy on the inside
Articular Cartilage: covers the Epiphysis and acts as a cushion

Question 9

Define the inside of a long bone

Answer 9

Medullary cavity: hollow inside of the Diaphysis contains yellow bone marrow
Endosteum: thin membrane that lines the medulla cavity
Periosteum: strong membrane covering the bone everywhere except joint surfaces

Question 10

How many bones are in the skull? (Cranium, Face and Ear Bones)

Answer 10

8-cranium
14-face
6-ear

Question 11

What are the bones in the ear?

Answer 11

Malleus, Incus and Stapes

Question 12

What are the vertebral columns? And how many?

Answer 12

Cervical (7)
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar (5)
Sacrum (1)
Coccyx (1)

Question 13

What are the differences between atlas and axis?

Answer 13

Atlas holds your head up

Axis allows you to move your head

Question 14

Explain the ribs: how many pairs? What are they described as?

Answer 14

12 pairs of ribs
Pairs 8-10 are called false ribs
Pairs 10-12 are called floating ribs

Question 15

What is the difference between a male and female skeleton?

Answer 15

Male skeletons are usually larger, male pelvises are deeper and narrow a female pelvis is broad and shallow

Question 16

What are the arches in the foot?

Answer 16

Medical and lateral longitudinal arch

Question 17

What are the main joints found in the body?

Answer 17

Syanthroses: no movement (skull)
Amphiathroses: slight movement (symphysis pubis before giving birth)
Diathroses: full movement (most joints)

Question 18

What is the structure of cartilage?

Answer 18

Rubber padding that covers and protects the ends of long joints doesn’t have a blood supply

Question 19

What is the structure of ligaments?

Answer 19

Short band of tough flexible fibrous tissues that connects bones together