Urinary System Flashcards
1
Q
urinary organs (4)
A
urinary organs
- kidneys
- ureters
- urniary bladder
- urethra
2
Q
functions of urinary system (5)
A
functions of urinary system
- water and electrolyte hemostasis
- filtration of blood
- reabsorption of water and solutes
- regulation of fluid balance
- electrolytes homeostasis and acid/base balance
- excretion of waste products and excess water
- renin ad EPO hormones
- regulation of blood pressure
- activation of vitamin D
3
Q
Kidney
A
Kidney
- functional unit of a kidney is a nephron
- osmoregulate via filtration and selective reabsorption of water
- note diagram
4
Q
Identify
A
5
Q
Identify and explain
A
6
Q
Kidney flow chart: elements
A
7
Q
Nephron
A
Nephron= functional unit of the kidney
- composed of…
- glomerulus
- all tubule segments through the connecting segment
- not collecting ducts or tubules
8
Q
Identify and explain
A
Renal corpuscles
- structure
- glomerulus
- bowman’s capsule= glomerular capsule
- 4 types of cells
- podocytes- visceral layer of capsule
- squamous cells- parietal layer of capsule
- endothelial cells- fenestrated glomerular capillaries
- mesangial cells- between fenestrated capillaries (phagocytic cells)
- vascular pole vs. urinary pole
9
Q
A
vascular pole-
urinary pole-filtrate is collected and sent into proximal convoluted tubule
outside lumen= urinary space
podocytes- involved in filtration. small projections are called pedicels
10
Q
Identify and explain
A
11
Q
blood- urine barrier (3)
A
12
Q
glomerular filtrate pathway
A
13
Q
Renal tubules
A
renal tubules
- proximal tubule
- cuboidal tubular epithelial cells woth microvilli (brush border)
- thin henles loop
- distal convoluted tubule
14
Q
Identify
A
renal tubules
Proximal tubules
- closest portion is proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) = only present in the cortex. Site of absorption
- strait portion is in medulla
- note cuboidal lining and microvilli
15
Q
A
renal tubules
Note: no microvilli in distal tubules