urinary system

Question 1

what is the urinary tract?

Answer 1

transports urine, contains ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Question 2

what is tubular secretion?

Answer 2

transport of additional things that the body does not want/need, moves from the blood into the tube

Question 3

what is the glomerular capsule?

Answer 3

surrounds the glomerulus, contains visceral layer and made up of podocytes, parietal layer, and the capsular space

Question 4

kidneys function?

Answer 4

filters blood and turns filtrate into urine

Question 5

submucosa in the urinary bladder?

Answer 5

dense irregular CT

Question 6

muscularis in the ureters?

Answer 6

2 layers of smooth muscle

Question 7

what is the renal calculi or kidney stones?

Answer 7

frequent dehydration

Question 8

muscularis in the urinary bladder?

Answer 8

3 layers of smooth muscle, made from detrusor muscle

Question 9

where are the arcuate arteries found?

Answer 9

at the cortex medullary junction

Question 10

what is the ureter and function?

Answer 10

long thin paired muscular tubes, transports urine form kidney to the urinary bladder

Question 11

what is the nephron and its function?

Answer 11

functional filtration unit of the kidney, filters blood and modifies the filtrate

Question 12

what is the function of the DCT?

Answer 12

resorbs more materials and water in the filtrate and the resorbed material is sent to the blood in the peritubular capillaries

Question 13

where does the renal artery receive blood from?

Answer 13

receives blood from the aorta

Question 14

what do the peritubular capillaries do?

Answer 14

gas/nutrient exchange between kidney tissues and the blood

Question 15

urethra associated with vulva, vagina, and the uterus?

Answer 15

carries urine only, distensible, short

Question 16

what do the skeletal muscle fibers in the urethra do?

Answer 16

they thicken and form an external urethral sphincter

Question 17

what is the flow of urine?

Answer 17

1.filtrate is squeezed out of glomerulus and enters the capsular space
2. PCT
3. Nephron loop
4. DCT
5. collecting tubule
6. collecting duct
7. minor calyx
8. major calyx
9. renal pelvis
10. ureter
11. urinary bladder
12. urine exits through urethra

Question 18

process of releasing urine is called?

Answer 18

urination or micturition

Question 19

what is the renal corpuscle?

Answer 19

glomerulus + glomerular capsule

Question 20

what is glomerular filtration?

Answer 20

removal from the blood

Question 21

what is the order of blood supply to the kidneys?

Answer 21

1. renal artery
2. segmental arteries
3. interlobar arteries
4. arcuate arteries
5. interlobular arteries
6. afferent arterioles
7. glomerulus
8. efferent arterioles
9. peritubular capillaries
10. interlobular veins
11. arcuate veins
12. interlobar veins
13. renal vein

Question 22

where do the afferent arteries bring blood to?

Answer 22

glomerulus

Question 23

adventitia in the urinary bladder?

Answer 23

areolar CT

Question 24

what does the glomerulus do?

Answer 24

blood is filtered

Question 25

what is the urethra and its function?

Answer 25

singular muscular tube running from the bladder to exterior of the body, pierces a group of muscles called the urogenital diaphragm expels urine from the body

Question 26

what is the function of the nephron loop?

Answer 26

resorbs more materials and water in the filtrate, resorbed materials are sent to the blood in the vasa recta the filtrate travels to the DCT

Question 27

what are the major calyces?

Answer 27

drain into the renal pelvis which connect to the ureters

Question 28

what is the PCT function?

Answer 28

resorbs the food stuff from the filtrate and the material is sent back to the blood in the peritubular capillaries and then the filtrate passes into the nephron loop

Question 29

where do the interlobar arteries travel?

Answer 29

renal columns

Question 30

what is the capsular space?

Answer 30

filtrate is squeezed into this space and then enters the PCT

Question 31

adventitia in the ureters?

Answer 31

areolar CT

Question 32

what are the minor calyces?

Answer 32

they unite to form a major calyx

Question 33

urinary system function?

Answer 33

filter blood and transport the liquid waste out of the body

Question 34

mucosa in the ureter?

Answer 34

distensible, transitional epithelium multiple layers of cells superficial cells may appear flattened or rounded, some are binucleated

Question 35

why does blood need filtered?

Answer 35

waste products, pH levels, life sustaining

Question 36

urethra associated with penis and prostate gland?

Answer 36

carries both urine and semen, not very distensible, longer

Question 37

what does the nephron consist of?

Answer 37

renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop and the distal convoluted tubule

Question 38

what is tubular reabsorption?

Answer 38

recovery of things the body still needs, move from the tube back into the blood

Question 39

what is the urinary bladder and its function?

Answer 39

shape changes as it fills, if its empty it’s an upside-down pyramid and if its full it’s an oval, muscular storage sac for urine

Question 40

what do the renal pyramids do?

Answer 40

drains urine into a minor calyx

Question 41

what is the detrusor muscle?

Answer 41

contains internal urethral sphincter

Question 42

what is the voluntary sphincter controlled by?

Answer 42

the pudendal nerve

Question 43

mucosa in the urinary bladder?

Answer 43

transitional epithelium

Question 44

why do ureters use peristalsis?

Answer 44

not always standing up