muscles of the forearm, hand, leg, foot Flashcards
what does the anterior compartment contain?
pronators and flexor muscle
what are the pronators of the arm?
pronator teres, superficial
pronator quadratus, deep
what do the flexors of the forearm do and where does it originate?
flex wrist, MP joints (knuckles), and IP joints (fingers)
origin: medical epicondyle
what is pronation?
rotation of the radius across the surface of the ulna
what is the flexor retinaculum?
flexor that is bands of dense regular CT to hold flexor tendons close to bone, forms the roof of the carpal tunnel
what is the carpal tunnel?
space underneath the flexor retinaculum
what is carpal tunnel syndrome?
inflammation of structures beneath the flexor retinaculum, causes pressure, pain, pins and needles, from bending wrists too much
what is the flexor carpi radialis?
flexes wrist and abducts hand
what is the palmaris longus?
flexes wrist
what is the only muscle in wrist not in carpal tunnel?
palmaris longus
what is the flexor carpi ulnaris?
flexes wrist and adducts hand, not attached to fingers stops at wrist
what is the flexor digitorum superficialis?
flexes wrist and flexes digits 2 through 5 at the MP and PIP joints
What is the flexor digitorum profundus and attachment?
Deep muscle that flexes wrist, flexes digits 2-5 at the MP, PIP, and DIP joints, tendons attach to distal phalanges
what is the flexor pollicis longus?
Flexes wrist, MP joint and IP joint of thumb
What does the posterior forearm contain?
supinator and extensors
What do extensors of formarm originate from?
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
what is the extensor retinaculum?
Extends wrist, MP joint, and IP joints
what is the extensor carpi ulnaris?
superficial muscle that extends wrist and adducts hand
What is the extensor carpi radialis longus?
a superficial muscle that extends wrist and abducts hand
What is the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
superficial muscle that extends wrist and abducts hand
What is the extensor digitorum?
Superficial muscle that extends wrist and extends digits 2-5 at MP, PIP, and DIP joints
what is the extensor pollicis longus?
deep muscle that extends thumb
What is the thenar muscle?
moves the thumb only
What is the extensor pollicis longus?
Deep muscle that extends thumb
what is the extensor pollicis brevis?
Deep muscle that extends thumb
What is the hypothenar muscle?
moves little finger
what is the lumbricals?
flex the MP joints and extends PIP and DIP joints
what is the midpalmer muscle?
Moves fingers 2-5
What is the Palmar interossei?
Flexes MP joints and extends PIP and DIP joints and adducts fingers
what is the dorsal interossei?
flexes MP joints and PIP and DIP joints and abducts fingers
What is the function of the anterior compartment of leg?
dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
what is the function of the tibialis anterior and attachment?
Dorsiflex foot at ankle joint, inverts foot, tendon attaches to plantar side of foot
What is the function of the extensor digitorum longus?
dorsiflexes foot and extends toes 2-5
what is the function of the extensor hallucis longus?
dorsiflexes foot and extends big toe
What is the function of the fibularis longus and its attachment?
Everts foot and weakly plantar flexes foot, tendon travels to sole of the foot to big toe
What is the function of the lateral compartment of the leg?
Everts foot and weakly plantar flexes foot
What’s the function of the fibularis brevis and attachment?
Everts foot and weakly plantar flexes foot, tendon attaches to base of 5th metatarsal
What is the function of the posterior compartment of the leg?
plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint
what is the function of the gastrocnemius muscle?
plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint, flexes leg at knees joint
what is the function of the soleus?
Gastrocnemius and soleus together attach to the heel and calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) a powerful plantar flexor
what is the function of the plantaris?
plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint, flexes the leg at the knee joint
What Is the function of the popliteus?
plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint, flexes the leg at knee joint
what is the function of the flexor hallucis longus and attachment?
plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint, flexes the big toe, attaches from fibula to big toe
what is the function of the flexor digitorum longus and attachment?
plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint, flexes toes 2-5, attaches from tibia to toes
what is the function of the tibialis posterior and attachment?
plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint, inverts foot, attached to tibia
What is the function of the extensor digitorum brevis?
extends toes 2-4
what is the function of the extensor hallucis brevis?
Extends big toe
What’s the function of the plantar aponeurosis?
protection and helps with movement
The muscles in the anterior compartment of the LEG perform this common function?
dorsiflex the foot at the ankle joint
what is the abductor pollicis longus?
abducts thumb
