lymphatic system

Question 1

what is interstitial fluid?

Answer 1

fluid pushed out of vessels and into the tissues, occurs at the capillary level, most fluid is picked up and returned to the venous system

Question 2

what is lymph?

Answer 2

interstitial fluid picked up by the lymphatic system, a fluid connective tissue

Question 3

what is the lymphatic system and its function?

Answer 3

consists of lymph vessels and lymphoid tissues and organs, function: returns interstitial fluid back to blood stream, initiates an immune response when necessary, transports dietary lipids

Question 3

what are lymphatic capillaries?

Answer 3

smallest of lymph vessels, wall composed of endothelium, walls have one way flaps

Question 4

what are lacteals?

Answer 4

in the small intestine, carries interstitial fluid and dietary lipids and some vitamins

Question 4

what are lymphatic vessels?

Answer 4

has 3 tunic layers and valves, take lymph to and from lymph nodes

Question 5

what are lymphnodes?

Answer 5

filter lymph and collect pathogens

Question 5

what is lymphedema?

Answer 5

swelling caused by lymphatic vessels results in increased interstitial fluid

Question 5

what are lymphatic trunks?

Answer 5

formed from merging lymphatic vessels and drain into lymphatic ducts

Question 5

what is the right lymphatic duct?

Answer 5

receives lymph from right ride of head, neck, and thorax, drains into right subclavian vein

Question 6

What is adaptive immunity?

Answer 6

defense mechanism which are developed in response to contact with antigens, slower response and memory, cells produce immune response when exposed to antigens

Question 6

what is innate immunity?

Answer 6

the defense mechanism present at birth, non-specific/rapid response

Question 6

what is the thoracic duct?

Answer 6

receives lymph from left side of head, neck, and thorax, drains into left subclavian vein

Question 7

what do B-lymphocytes do for immune system?

Answer 7

secrete antibodies

Question 7

what do epidermal dendritic cells do?

Answer 7

phagocytize bacteria

Question 8

what do dendritic cells do?

Answer 8

internalize antigens and present them to lymphocytes

Question 9

what do T-lymphocytes do for immune system?

Answer 9

some of these cells manage/direct and immune response while others attack

Question 9

what is a lymphoid structure?

Answer 9

consists of connective tissue containing a lot of lymphoid cells, not surrounded by a connective tissue capsule

Question 10

what are lymphoid nodules?

Answer 10

clumps of lymphoid cells within other organs, in the GI, respiratory and genitourinary tract, destroy bacteria before they breach the intestinal wall and generate memory cells

Question 10

what are lymphoid organs?

Answer 10

lymphatic structures surrounded by connective tissue capsule, like lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen

Question 10

what is the thymus and function?

Answer 10

behind the sternum, T-cells mature and differential here, T-lymphocytes are sent from bone marrow into the thymus, secretes hormones to help T-lymphocytes develop

Question 11

what is the spleen and funtion?

Answer 11

largest lymphoid organ, located in upper left abdomen, has two parts, carries out an immune response when antigens are found in blood

Question 11

what is the red pulp?

Answer 11

part of spleen that removes old erythrocytes and platelets, contains erythrocytes, platelets, and macrophages, also contains splenic sinusoids and splenic cords

Question 12

what is the white pulp?

Answer 12

part of spleen that carries out immune responses when antigens are found in the blood, contains lymphocytes B and T cells, and surrounds arterial branches