Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > respiratory system > Flashcards

respiratory system Flashcards

1
Q

what is respiration?

A

process of gas exchange, involving inhalation and exhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the conducting portion of respiratory system?

A

Conducts and transfers air in the nose and paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles to the terminal bronchioles, and no gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

function of nasal chonchaes?

A

increase air turbulence, gives air chance to humidify, cause air to swirl so foreign particles get trapped in mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what happens with gas exchange?

A

oxygen is taken from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide is diffused into the alveoli and is then expelled when we exhale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the respiratory portion?

A

gas exchange occurs here in the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and the alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is carbon dioxide?

A

waste product of cellular activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what happens with filtering air?

A

occurs in the nasal cavity, the hairs in nose trap particles in the mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is phonation?

A

happens in the larynx and its responsible for producing speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the larynx and its fucntion?

A

anterior to the esophagus, voice box, and its function is to transport air to trachea to brochi to lungs, protects lungs from food and liquid and phonation production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how is air warmed and humidified?

A

the mucosa in the nasal cavity moistens the air coming in and the blood vessels warm blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

function of nasal cavity?

A

warming and humidifying air, filtering air, and olfaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the process of olfaction?

A

upper portion of nasal cavity has olfactory epithelium (PCCE), bipolar neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the characteristics of the nasal cavity?

A

subdivided by nasal septum, floor is made up of hard and soft palate, has PCCE and olfactory epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the three bones on lateral sides of nasal cavity?

A

superior, middle, and inferior conchae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are paranasal sinuses?

A

paired cavities within some of the skull bones that connect to the nasal cavity, including maxilla. ethmoid, and sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the laryngopharynx?

A

from hyoid bone to superior border of the esophagus, directly behind the superior larynx, transports both food and air, contains nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the functions of paranasal sinuses?

A

warms and humidify air, resonance of voice, and helps lighten skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the oropharynx?

A

from the soft palate to the hyoid bone, directly behind the oral cavity, both food and air travel here, contains nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the nasopharynx?

A

directly behind the nasal cavity, inferior border is soft palate, has PCCE and opening for auditory tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the pharynx?

A

connects nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and esophagus, contains group of tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the function of pharyngeal, palatine, and lingual

A

attack/destroy antigens before they get too far

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the thyroid cartilage?

A

forms anterior and lateral walls of larynx

12
Q

what is the epiglottis?

A

spoon-shaped cartilage at top of larynx, closes off the larynx during swallowing so material doesn’t enter the larynx

12
Q

what is the trachea?

A

connects larynx superiorly, travels from neck into the thorax, splits into left and right primary bronchi, contains PCCE and C shaped cartilage rings of hyaline cartilage

13
Q

what is the cricoid cartilage?

A

only complete ring of cartilage, underneath thyroid cartilage, directly above trachea

14
Q

what is the arytenoid cartilage?

A

sits on top of cricoid cartilage

14
Q

what does the right lung consist of?

A

3 lobes (superior, middle, and inferior lobes), 2 fissures (oblique and horizontal)

14
Q

what is the bronchial tree?

A

as inhaled air travels in these tubes the get smaller, epithelium gets shorter, and cartilage slowly disappears and is replaced by smooth muscle

14
Q

what are the right and left vocal cords?

A

lined with stratified squamous epithelium, cord vibrate against pressure of air to create sound, more air equals louder sounds

14
Q

what is pleura?

A

serous membrane that secretes serous fluid

15
Q

what does the left lobe consist of ?

A

2 lobes (superior and inferior lobes), 1 fissure (oblique)

15
Q

what do pulmonary arteries do?

A

carry blood low in oxygen from heart to the lungs

15
Q

what do the bronchial arteries do?

A

supply the bronchi and bronchioles

15
Q

what are bronchopulmonary segments?

A

smaller subdivisions of lungs

15
Q

what do pulmonary veins do?

A

carry blood high in oxygen back to the heart

16
Q

what are the left and right primary bronchi?

A

one goes to each lung, structures are outside the lungs, contains irregular plates of cartilage and PCCE

17
Q

What is the secondary bronchi?

A

one goes to each lobe of lung, contains cartilage plates and PCCE

18
Q

what is the tertiary bronchi?

A

supplies the bronchopulmonary segments of lungs, has some cartilage, tertiary bronchi split into smaller bronchi and then bronchi split into bronchioles

19
Q

what are bronchioles?

A

contains no cartilage, contains smooth muscle and simple cuboidal and simple columnar epithelium

19
Q

what happens with asthma?

A

bronchioles are constricted making it harder for air to pass through the alveoli

20
Q

what are terminal bronchioles?

A

the last generation of bronchioles

20
Q

where does gas exchange happen?

A

alveolar ducts, alveoli, and respiratory bronchioles

21
Q

what are respiratory bronchioles?

A

branch from terminal bronchioles, contains ciliated cuboidal epithelium and some smooth muscle, alveoli comes off of them, and gives rise to smaller segments of the respiratory portion

22
Q

what are alveolar ducts?

A

long tube-like passageway smaller than respiratory bronchioles alveoli come off them

22
Q

what is alveoli?

A

smallest unit of respiratory portion, has simple squamous epithelium and the respiratory membrane

23
Q

what is the respiratory membrane?

A

contains simple squamous epithelium of the alveolus and simple squamous of a pulmonary capillary

24
Q

what is bronchitis?

A

inflammation of the passageway in the bronchi

25
Q

what is pneumonia?

A

causes mucus build up involving gas exchange in the alveoli

26
Q

what is quiet breathing?

A

Breathing from the diaphragm and external intercostals

27
Q

what is inspiration?

A

expands the thoracic cavity, diaphragm contracts and moves downward, laterally ribs elevate, and sternum moves anteriorly

28
Q

what is expiration?

A

compresses the thoracic cavity, diaphragm relaxes and moves up, laterally ribs depress, and sternum moves posteriorly

29
Q

what is the autonomic innervation sympathetic?

A

bronchodilate

30
Q

what is the autonomic innervation of parasympathetic?

A

bronchoconstriction

Anatomy (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions