Urinary AgEdNet powerpoint Flashcards
1
Q
Function of the Kidneys
A
eliminate the byproducts of metabolism through the urine
2
Q
Kidney location
A
- dorsal part of the abdomen
- on each side of the spine
- behind the peritoneum
3
Q
Peritoneum
A
the thin sheet of connective tissue that lines the abdominal cavity
4
Q
Structure of the Kidney
A
- reddish-brown
- bean shaped
- smooth
- contains renal artery and vein and ureter
5
Q
Ureter structure
A
- tubular structure
- walls of contractions
6
Q
Ureter function
A
Carries urine from the kidney to the bladder
- series of contraction push urine from kidney to bladder
7
Q
Peristalsis
A
Series of contractions push urine from kidney to bladder
8
Q
Bladder Structure
A
- hollow organ
- lined by epithelium
- wall contains smooth muslce that contract to empty urine
- can stretch to hold more urine
9
Q
Urethra function
A
carries urine to the outside of the body
10
Q
Urethra structure
A
- has muscular wall that helps control the flow of urine
- femal urethra shorter and more prone to bladder infection
- male urethra longer and more prone to obstruction from bladder stones
11
Q
Primary function of renal system
A
- To excrete nitrogen-containing wastes
- When proteins and amino acids are broken down – ammonia is formed (very toxic)
- Liver converts ammonia to urea (less toxic)
12
Q
How are stones formed?
A
- Nucleotides are broken down to uric acid.
- Excess uric acid can crystallize and form bladder stones.
13
Q
Stones treatment
A
- A special diet can limit amounts of uric acid.
- Medication can also help.
14
Q
How to kidneys regulate water balance
A
- Kidneys can conserve water when needed:
- Limited water available to drink
- Disease (vomiting or diarrhea)
15
Q
What is renal failure?
A
Kidneys fail to remove waste
- Electrolyte, pH and water regulation are not balanced
- Kidneys can no longer function normally
