Mare Reproductive System (part 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

Things that happen during estrus

A
  • vagina becomes relaxed and secretions increase
  • vulva relaxes
  • cervix increases secretions, opens, and relaxes
  • uterus becomes heavier, losing tone
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2
Q

Signs of estrus in horses

A
  • frequent urination
  • squatting posture
  • winking of labia
  • raising of tail
  • receptive toward stallion
  • discharge from vagina
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3
Q

Breeding methods for horses

A
  • live cover
  • hand mating
  • corral mating
  • pasture mating
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4
Q

Liver cover

A

methods in which mare and stallion are physically brought together to breed

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5
Q

Hand mating

A

people handle both mare and stallion

-most widely used

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6
Q

Corral mating

A

mare and stallion are turned into a paddock where they mate naturally

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7
Q

Pasture mating

A

stallion is turned into a paddock of mare for the entire breeding

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8
Q

Alternative breeding methods

A
  • artificial insemination

- embryo transfer

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9
Q

Artificial insemination

A

(AI)

mare is inseminated by vet

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10
Q

Embryo transfer

A

removing the embryo from a mare and transferring it to a surrogate mare

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11
Q

AI Pros

A
  • Semen sample can be used for more than one mare
  • Frozen semen can be stored for long periods of time, making international breeding possible
  • Chances of contamination in the mare is reduced
  • Smaller chance of injury to both the stallion and mare
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12
Q

AI Cons

A
  • Humans handle every step of this process, so there is a higher chance of human error
  • Various competition organizations, such as the jockey club does not allow competing horses to be bred through AI
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13
Q

Estrogen function

A
  • secreted by follicles
  • hormone that causes the pituitary gland to secrete more LH
  • makes mare more receptive toward stallion
  • prepared for conception
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14
Q

When and where does estrogen come in

A
  • secreted by follicles

- peaks 1-2 days before ovulation

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