Mare Reproductive System (part 2) Flashcards
1
Q
Things that happen during estrus
A
- vagina becomes relaxed and secretions increase
- vulva relaxes
- cervix increases secretions, opens, and relaxes
- uterus becomes heavier, losing tone
2
Q
Signs of estrus in horses
A
- frequent urination
- squatting posture
- winking of labia
- raising of tail
- receptive toward stallion
- discharge from vagina
3
Q
Breeding methods for horses
A
- live cover
- hand mating
- corral mating
- pasture mating
4
Q
Liver cover
A
methods in which mare and stallion are physically brought together to breed
5
Q
Hand mating
A
people handle both mare and stallion
-most widely used
6
Q
Corral mating
A
mare and stallion are turned into a paddock where they mate naturally
7
Q
Pasture mating
A
stallion is turned into a paddock of mare for the entire breeding
8
Q
Alternative breeding methods
A
- artificial insemination
- embryo transfer
9
Q
Artificial insemination
A
(AI)
mare is inseminated by vet
10
Q
Embryo transfer
A
removing the embryo from a mare and transferring it to a surrogate mare
11
Q
AI Pros
A
- Semen sample can be used for more than one mare
- Frozen semen can be stored for long periods of time, making international breeding possible
- Chances of contamination in the mare is reduced
- Smaller chance of injury to both the stallion and mare
12
Q
AI Cons
A
- Humans handle every step of this process, so there is a higher chance of human error
- Various competition organizations, such as the jockey club does not allow competing horses to be bred through AI
13
Q
Estrogen function
A
- secreted by follicles
- hormone that causes the pituitary gland to secrete more LH
- makes mare more receptive toward stallion
- prepared for conception
14
Q
When and where does estrogen come in
A
- secreted by follicles
- peaks 1-2 days before ovulation
