Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biomedical Human Anatomy > Upper Limb > Flashcards

Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoral girdle

A
  • Scapula

- Clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

A
  • between sternal end of clavicle and manubrium of sternum

- only joint between axial skeleton and upper limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Arm

A

-humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Forearm

A
  • ulna

- radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hand

A
  • carpals
  • metacarpals
  • phalanges
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carpals

A
  • scaphoid
  • lunate
  • triquetrum
  • pisiform
  • hamate
  • capitate
  • trapezoid
  • trapezium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pectoral fascia

A

-surrounds pectoralis major m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clavipectoral fascia

A

-surrounds subclavius m. (underneath clavicle) and pectoralis minor m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Axillary fascia

A
  • pectoral + clavipectoral fascia

- floor of the axilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Deltoid fascia

A

-surrounds the deltoid m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Brachial fascia

A

-surrounds the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Antebrachial fascia

A
  • surrounds the forearm
  • extensor retinaculum= thickening posteriorly
  • palmar carpal ligament= thickening anteriorly
  • flexor retinaculum or transverse carpal ligament= thickening anteriorly but deeper and more distal than palmar carpal ligament
  • becomes palmar fascia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carpal tunnel

A
  • space in hand formed by the flexor retinaculum that houses arteries, veins, and nerves
  • carpal tunnel syndrome= inflammation of CT surrounding nerves, vessels, tendons, etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Central portion of palmar fascia

A

-palmar aponeurosis where palmaris longus inserts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Special areas on the upper limb

A
  • axilla (major structures of the arm pass through here)
  • cubital fossa
  • carpal tunnel
  • anatomical snuff box
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Borders of cubital fossa

A
  • brachioradialis m.
  • pronator teres m.
  • imaginary line drawn between the medial and lateral epicondyles of humerus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Contents of cubital fossa

A
  • tendon of the biceps brachii m.
  • brachial a. (potentially radial and ulnar a.)
  • matching veins
  • median nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Borders of the anatomical snuff box

A
  • abductor pollicis longus m. tendon
  • extensor pollicis brevis m. tendon
  • extensor pollicis longus m. tendon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Contents of the anatomical snuff box

A
  • radial artery
  • radial n. branches
  • cephalic v. branches
  • scaphoid bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Axillary artery

A
  • subclavian artery distal to 1st rib in axillary region
  • branches: superior thoracic a., thoracoacromial a., lateral thoracic a., anterior circumflex humeral a., posterior circumflex humeral a., subscapular a.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Brachial artery

A
  • subclavian a. distal to teres major m.
    branches: deep artery of the arm, superior and inferior ulnar collateral a.
  • splits after cubital fossa into radial a. and ulnar a.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Radial artery branches

A

-deep palmar arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ulnar artery branches

A
  • common interosseous a.
  • superficial palmar arch (branches into common palmar digital a.)
  • each palmar arch connects to the opposite forearm artery of their source
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Axillary artery parts

A
  1. after 1st rib to pectoralis minor m.
  2. behind pectoralis minor m.
  3. from pectoralis minor m. to teres major m.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Collateral circulation of the upper limb

A
  • provides an alternate root for blood to reach the distal upper limb if axillary artery is compressed or blocked
  • suprascapular a., dorsal scapular a., subscapular a.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Deep veins of upper limb

A

-same name as the named artery they follow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Superficial veins of upper limb

A
  • dorsal venous netowrk= on the dorsum (posterior) side of the hand
  • form both the cephalic and basilic veins
  • cephalic vein= laterl; joins axillary vein
  • basilic vein= medial; joins brachial v. to form axillary v.
  • connected via median cubital v. in the cubital fossa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the upper limb

A
  • axillary lymph nodes drain to the subclavian lymphatic trunk
  • humeral/subscapular/pectoral lymph nodes–> central LN–> apical LN–> supraclavicular LN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Subclavian lymphatic trunk

A
  • Right side= joins others and becomes the right lymphatic duct
  • left side= joins the thoracic duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Cutaneous innervation of the upper limb

A
  • shoulder= cervical plexus

- upper limb= brachial plexus

31
Q

Dermatomes

A
  • spinal nerve contribution to sensation

- 2 maps: clinical vs. embryological

32
Q

Peripheral nerve cutaneous innervation

A
  • peripheral nerves that provide sensory innervation to the skin
  • different from dermatome maps because after the plexus, you get multiple peripheral nerves made of many spinal nerves
33
Q

Brachial plexus

A
  • plexuses form from ventral/anterior rami
  • brachial plexus C5-8 and T1 (sometimes C4 and T2)
  • spinal nerves C1-C7 exit vertebral column above same named vertebra, C8 and below exit below
  • peripheral nerves result from the brachial plexus and innervate the upper limb
  • becomes more superficial after exit from behind the anterior scalene m.
34
Q

Major branches of brachial plexus

A
  • 5 roots= ventral rami (C5-T1)
  • 3 trunks= upper (superior), middle, and lower (inferior)
  • 6 divisions= anterior and posterior from each trunk (under clavicle)
  • 3 cords= lateral, medial, and posterior
  • 5 branches= peripheral nerves
35
Q

Branches from roots

A
  • dorsal scapular n. (C5)

- long thoracic n. (C5-7)

36
Q

Branches from the trunks

A

-superior= suprascapular n. + nerve to the subclavius

37
Q

Branches from the cords

A
  • lateral cord= lateral pectoral n.
  • medial cord= medial pectoral n., medial cutaneous n. of the arm, medial cutaneous n. of the forearm
  • posterior cord: upper/superior subscapular n., thoracodorsal n., lower/inferior subscapular n.
38
Q

Terminal branches

A
  • lateral cord= musculocutaneous n. + lateral root of median n.
  • median cord= medial root of median n. + ulnar n.
  • posterior cord= axillary n. + radial n.
39
Q

Pectoralis major

A
  • Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerves (C5-C8, T1)
  • Action: arm flexion (clavicular head), extend arm from flexed position (sternocostal head), rotates arm medially, adducts arm
40
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A
  • Innervation: thoracodorsal n. (C6-8)

- Action: extends, adducts, medially rotates the humerus

41
Q

Deltoid muscle

A
  • Innervation: axillary n.
  • Action: clavicular part (flex and medially rotate arm), acromial (abduct arm), spinal (extend and laterally rotate arm)
42
Q

Supraspinatus m.

A
  • Innervation: suprascapular n.

- Action: initiates arm abduction (assisting deltoid, holds humerus in glenoid cavity)

43
Q

Infraspinatus m.

A
  • Innervation: suprascapular n.

- Action: laterally rotate arm, holds humerus in glenoid cavity

44
Q

Teres minor m.

A
  • Innervation: axillary n.

- Action: laterally rotate arm, holds humerus in glenoid cavity

45
Q

Subscapularis m.

A
  • Innervation: upper and lower subscapular n.

- Action: medially rotate arm, holds humerus in glenoid cavity

46
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A
  • supraspinatus m.
  • infraspinatus m.
  • teres minor m.
  • subscapularis m.
47
Q

Teres major m.

A
  • Innervation: lower subscapular n.

- Action: adduct and medially rotate arm

48
Q

Biceps brachii m.

A
  • Innervation: musculocutaneous n.

- Action: flex forearm, supinate forearm, weak glenohumoral flexion

49
Q

Corocobrachialis m.

A

Innervation: musculocutaneous n.

-Action: help flex and adduct arm

50
Q

Brachialis m.

A
  • Innervation: musculocutaneous n. and radial n.

- Action: flex forearm

51
Q

Triceps brachii m.

A
  • Innervation: radial n.

- Action: extend forearm

52
Q

Anconeus m.

A
  • Innervation: radial n.

- Action: extend forearm, assisting triceps brachii, stabilize elbow joint, ulna abduction in pronation

53
Q

Pronator teres m.

A
  • Innervation: median n.

- Action: pronate and flex forearm at elbow

54
Q

Flexor carpi radialis m.

A
  • Innervation: median n.

- Action: flexes and abducts hand at wrist

55
Q

Palmaris longus m.

A
  • Innervation: median n.

- Action: flex hand and tense palmar aponeurosis

56
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris m.

A
  • Innervation: ulnar n.

- Action: flexes and adducts hand at wrist

57
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis m.

A
  • Innervation: median n.

- Action: flex proximal interphalangeal joint and metacarpophalangeal joints of digits 2-5

58
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus m.

A
  • Innervation: ulnar and median n.

- Action: flex distal interphalangeal joint of digits 2-5

59
Q

Flexor pollicis longus m.

A
  • Innervation: median n.

- Action: flex interphalangeal joint on digit 1

60
Q

Pronator quadratus m.

A
  • Innervation: median n.

- Action: pronates forearm, bind radius and ulna together

61
Q

Brachioradialis m.

A
  • Innervation: radial n.

- Action: flex forearm

62
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus m.

A
  • Innervation: radial n.

- Action: extend and abduct the hand at wrist

63
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis m.

A
  • Innervation: radial n.

- Action: extend and abduct the hand at wrist

64
Q

Extensor digitorum m.

A
  • Innervation: radial n.

- Action: extend medial four digits at the metacarpophalangeal joint

65
Q

Extensor digiti minimi m.

A
  • Innervation: radial n.

- Action: extend fifth digit at the metacarpophalangeal joint

66
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris m.

A
  • Innervation: radial n.

- Action: extend and adduct the hand at the wrist

67
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis m..

A
  • Innervation: posterior interosseous n.

- Action: extend proximal phalanx at metacarpophalangeal joint; extend carpometacarpal joint

68
Q

Abductor pollicis longus m.

A
  • Innervation: posterior interosseous n.

- Action: abduct and extend pollex at carpometacarpal joint

69
Q

Extensor pollicis longus m.

A
  • Innervation: posterior interosseous n.

- Action: extend distal phalanx at interphalangeal joint; extend carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joint

70
Q

-Extensor indicis m.

A
  • Innervation: posterior interosseous n.

- Action: extend 2nd digit and some wrist extension

71
Q

Supinator m.

A
  • Innervation: deep radial n.

- Action: supinate forearm

72
Q

Muscles of the arm

A
  • biceps bracii m.
  • corocobrachialis m.
  • brachialis m.
  • triceps brachii m.
  • anconeus m.
73
Q

Muscles of the anterior forearm

A
  • pronator teres m.
  • flexor carpi radialis m.
  • palmaris longus m.
  • flexor carpi ulnaris m.
  • flexor digitorum superficialis m.
  • flexor digitorum profundus m.
  • flexor pollicis longus m.
  • pronator quadratus m.
74
Q

Muscles of the posterior forearm

A
  • brachioradialis m.
  • extensor carpi radialis longus m.
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis m.
  • extensor digitorum m.
  • extensor digiti minimi m.
  • extensor carpi ulnaris m.
  • extensor pollicis brevis m.
  • abductor pollicis longus m.
  • extensor pollicis longus m.
  • extensor indicis m.
  • supinator m.

Biomedical Human Anatomy (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions