Upper Limb Flashcards
What is this?
The rotor cuff
What 4 muscles make up the rotor cuff?
- subscapularis
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
What does the rotor cuff do?
Stabilise shoulder joint by holding head of humerus in place
How do shoulder dislocations occur?
humerus seperates from scapula
What is the difference between an open and closed shoulder relocation?
- Open: includes surgery
- Closed: manipulation of bone without surgical exposure
What is this?
The deltoid
What does the deltoid insert into?
The humerus
What are the 3 action components of the deltoid?
- Posterior
- Middle
- Anterior
What muscles in the upper limb are responsible for flexion?
- Deltoid
- Pectoralis major
What muscles in the upper limb are responsible for extension?
- Deltoid
- Latissmus Dorsi
- Teres Major
What muscles in the upper limb are responsible for abduction?
- Supraspinatus
- Deltoid
What muscles in the upper limb are responsible for adduction?
- Teres major
- Pectoralis major
- Latissimus dorsi
What muscles in the upper limb are responsible for lateral rotation?
- Teres minor
- Infraspinatus
- Deltoid
What muscles in the upper limb are responsible for medial rotation?
- Subscapularis
- Teres Major
- Latissimus dorsi
- Pectoralis Major
- Deltoid
What type of joint is the elbow joint?
+ what 2 bones are connected
- Synovial hinge joint
- Connects humerus to radius and ulna
What are the 4 main parts of the elbow joint?
Distal humerus has
1. Capitulum (for radius)
2. Trochlea (for ulna)
and proximal radius has
3. Cupped head
Proxima ulna has:
4. Trochlea and radial notch
What is this?
What is this?
What is this?
What is this?
What 3 mucles in the upper limb are the ‘flexors’?
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Brachioradialis
What muscle in the upper limb is the main ‘extensor’?
Triceps brachii
main extensor for elbow
What joints allow for upper limb pivots?
- Radio-ulnar
What muscles allow for upper limb supination?
- Biceps brachii
- Supinator
What muscles allow for upper limb pronation?
- Pronator teres
- Pronator quadratus
What side of the hands are the radial and ulna bones?
Radial - thumb
Ulna - pinky
What bones are in the hand?
- Carpals
- Metacarpals
- Phalangeal
How many carpal bones do we have?
per hand
2 rows of 4
How many metacarpals do we have?
per hand
5 (1= thumb, 5=pinky)
What are the 3 types of phalangeal bones?
- Proximal
- Middle
- Distal
What bone does not participate in the wrist?
Radial or ulna
The ulna
What are these (blue numbered)?
Extensor tendons
What causes carpal tunnel?
- Inflimation of digital tendon sheath
- Fluid retention
- excessive exercise
- Repetitive strain injuries
What is the effect of carpal tunnel syndrome?
- median nerve compressed = causes sensory change on lateral side of hand and muscle weakness
- Pain, numbness, cannot oppose thumb
