Cartilage Flashcards
What are the 3 types of cartilage?
- Hyaline
- Elastic
- fibrocartilge
What cells make up hyaline cartilage?
- Chondroblasts
- chondrocytes
What cells make up elastic cartilage?
- Chondroblasts
- chondrocytes
What cells makeup fibrocartilage?
- Fibroblasts
- chondrocytes
What are the characteristics of the ECM for hyaline cartilage?
(Fibrils, monomers etc)
- Type 2 collagen fibrils
- aggrecan monomers
What are the characteristics of the ECM for Elastic cartilage?
(Fibrils, monomers etc)
- Type 2 collagen fibrils
- aggrecan monomers
- elastic fibres
What are the characteristics of the ECM for fibrocartilage?
(Fibrils, monomers etc)
- Type 1 and 2 collagen fibers
- aggrecan and versican monomers
What is the main function of hyaline cartilage?
- Forms skeleton when foetus
- smooth, low-friction surface in synovial joints
- stuctural support to respiratory tract
- supports growth and shape of long bones
What is the main function of elastic cartilage?
- Flexible shape
- supports soft tissue
- auditory canal
- top of larynx
What is the main function of fibrocartilage?
- cushioning
- tensile strength
- resistance to wear and tear/ compression
- invertebral discs
- pubic bones
- tendon connection to bone
What are the main elements of cartilage?
- Cells: chondroplasts and chondrocytes
- ECM: collagen type 2 and core proteins
- 70-75% water
How strong and where is cartilage?
- resiliant - ‘shock absorber’
- below periochondrium
What is the perichondrium?
- dense connective tissue
- surrounds most cartillage
- vascular, nerve, lymphatic supply
- essential for growth and repair
What gives the ECM structural support?
(Type of cell/substance)
The proteoglycan (a core protein)
What happens to articular hyaline cartilage as we age?
- Cartillage is not replaced in the body
- As it wears down, bone cushioning is reduced
- Causes osteoarthiritis
What cartilage is the purple and red?
Purple: hyaline
Red: fibrocartilage
