Basics Flashcards
List the hierachy of organisation
- Chemical
- Cellular
- Tissue
- Organ
- System
- Organism
What are the 9 major systems?
- Musculoskeletal
- Nervous
- Cardiovascular
- Respiratory
- Urinary
- Endocrine
- Digestive
- Reproductive
- Lymphatic and immunity
What are the components of the nervous system?
- brain
- spinal cord
- nerves
- sense organs
What is the function of the nervous system?
- internal communication
- coordination
- motor control
- sensation
What are the components of the musuloskeletal system?
- Bones
- cartillage
- ligaments
- skeletal muscles
What is the function of the musuloskeletal system?
- movement
- stability
- blood formation
- mineral storage
What are the components of the cardiovascular system?
- heart
- blood
- blood vessels
What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
- distribute oxygen and nutrients
What are the components of the respiratory system?
- nose
- pharynx
- larynx
- bronchitis
- lungs
What is the function of the respiratory system?
intake oxygen
expulse carbon dioxide
speech
What are the components of the urinary system?
- kidneys
- ureters
- urinary bladder
- urethera
What is the function of the urinary system?
- eliminte waste
- regulate blood volume and chemical composition
What are the components of the endocrine system?
glands:
* pituitary
* thyroid
* parathyroid
* adrenal
* pancreas
* testes
* ovaries
What is the function of the endocrine system?
- hormone production
- internal chemical coordination
What are the components of the digestive system?
- teeth
- tongue
- salivary glands
- oesophagus
- stomach
- interstines
- liver
- gall bladder
- pancreas
What is the function of the digestive system?
- breakdown food
- absorb nutrients
- eliminate waste
What are the components of the lymphatic system + immunity?
- lymph
- spleen
- thymus
- immune cells
What is the function of the lymphatic system + immunity?
- return fluid and protein to blood
- protect against microorganisms
What are the components of the reproductive system?
- gonads
- associated organs ( penis, uterus, vagina)
What is the function of the reproductive system?
- produce gametes
- regulate reproductive hormones
What is the coronal plane?
What is the transverse plane?
what is the medial plane?
What are the three planes?
- coronal
- transverse
- medial
What is the supine position?
What is the prone position?
What does anterior mean?
In front half of the body
What does posterior mean?
In back half of the body
What do ventral and dorsal mean?
anterior and posterior
What does it mean if a body part is superior to another?
it is above
What does it mean if a body part is inferior to another?
it is below
What does medial mean?
towards the centre
What is the opposite of medial?
Lateral
How do you say towards the head?
Cranial
What does Caudal mean?
towards the tail
What are ipsilateral body parts?
parts on the same side
How do you describe the opposite side of teh body?
contralateral
What do proximal and distal mean?
Closer or further to attachment point
What is palmer?
Palm of hand
What is plantar?
sole of foot
What does it mean to abduct your limbs?
raise them
How do you adduct your limbs?
lower them
Name an example of coronal flexion
- abduction
- adduction
Name an example of sagital flexion
- hip (for thigh)
- knee
- thumb
What is aetiology?
Cause of disease
What is pathogenesis?
Study how a disease develops
What are these movements?
What movement are these?
What are these movements?
What movement is this?
What movement is this?
What attaches bone to bone?
Ligaments
