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Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What attaches muscles to bones?

A

Tendons

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2
Q

What skeletal muscle attachment doesnt move?

A

Origin/proximal

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3
Q

What skeletal muscle attachment moves?

A

Insertion/distal

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4
Q

How do skeletal muscles produce movement?

A
  • Skeletal muscles exert force on tendons
  • Which attach to and pull on bones
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5
Q

What does the agonist muscle do within a group?

A

Contracts to cause action

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6
Q

What does the antagonist muscle do within a group?

A

Stretches and yields, opposite side of joint

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7
Q

What does the synergist muscle do within a group?

A

stabilises intermediate joints

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8
Q

What is a first-class lever?

A
  • Fulcrum between effort and load
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9
Q

What is a second-class lever?

A
  • Load between fulcrum and effort
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10
Q

What is a third-class lever?

A

Effort between fulcrum and load

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11
Q

What type of lever has a mechanical advantage?

A

Second-class

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12
Q

What type of lever has a mechanical disadvantage?

A

Third-class

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13
Q

What type of fascile arangement is this?

A

Parallel

terminates at either end in flat tendons

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14
Q

What type of fascile arangement is this?

A

Fusiform

  • terminates at either end in flat tendons
  • diameter largest at belly
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15
Q

What type of fascile arangement is this?

A

Circular

enclose an orifice

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16
Q

What type of fascile arangement is this?

A

Triangular

Thick central tendon

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17
Q

What type of fascile arangement is this?

A

Unipennate

fascilles on 1 side of tendon only

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18
Q

What type of fascile arangement is this?

A

Bipennate

fasciles on both sides of central tendon

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19
Q

What is a pennate fascile?

A

One with a long tendon

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20
Q

What type of fascile arangement is this?

A

Multipennate

fasciles attached to many tendons

21
Q

What does a rectus muscle orientation mean?

A

Parallel to midline

22
Q

What does a transverse muscle orientation mean?

A

Perpendicular to midline

23
Q

What does a oblique muscle orientation mean?

A

Diagonal to midline

24
Q

What is a maximus/minimus muscle size?

A

largest/smallest

25
Q

What is a longus/brevis muscle size?

A

long / short

26
Q

What is a latissimus/longissmus sized muscle?

A

Widest / longest

27
Q

What is a magnus sized muscle?

A

Large

28
Q

What is a major sized muscle?

A

Larger

29
Q

What is a minor sized muscle?

A

Smaller

30
Q

What is a vastus sized muscle?

A

Huge

31
Q

What shape is a deltoid muscle?

A

Triangular

32
Q

What shape is a trapezius muscle?

A

trapezium

33
Q

What shape is a serratus muscle?

A

Saw-toothed

34
Q

What shape is a rhomboid muscle?

A

diamond

35
Q

What shape is a orbicularis muscle?

A

circular

36
Q

What shape is a pectinate muscle?

A

comblike

37
Q

What shape is a piriformis muscle?

A

pear-shaped

38
Q

What shape is a platys muscle?

A

flat

39
Q

What shape is a quadratus muscle?

A

sqaure/four sided

40
Q

What shape is a gracilis muscle?

A

Slender

41
Q

What is the principal action of a flexor/extensor muscle?

A

Decrease/increase joint angle

42
Q

What is the principal action of an abductor/adductor muscle?

A

Move bones away/closer to midline

43
Q

What is the principal action of a levator/depressor muscle?

A

Elevates/depresses body part

44
Q

What is the principal action of a pronator/supinator muscle?

A

turns palms posteriorly, anteriorly

45
Q

What is the principal action of a sphincter muscle?

A

Decreases the size of an opening

46
Q

What is the principal action of a tensor muscle?

A

Makes the body rigid

47
Q

What is the principal action of a rotor muscle?

A

Rotates bone around longitudinal axis

48
Q

What do bicepts/triceps/quadriceps mean?

A

2/3/4 tendons of origin

Anatomy (25 decks)

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