Upper Extremity Arthrology

Question 1

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 1

Sellar synovial

Question 2

What is in an articular capsule?

Answer 2

fibrous capsule

synovial membrane

Question 3

What is an articular capsule and where is it found?

Answer 3

membrane that surrounds a joint

in all synovial joints

Question 4

What are the ligaments in the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 4

anterior sternoclavicular L.
posterior sternoclavicular L.
Interclavicular L.

Question 5

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 5

Planar synovial

btw acromial end of clavicle and facet on the acromion of the scapulA

Question 6

What are the ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 6

acromioclavicular L.

coracoclavicular L. = trapezoid L. and Conoid L.

Question 7

What joint is “shoulder separation” injuring?

Answer 7

acromioclavicular joint

can occur with or without rupture of the coracoclavicularr L.

Question 8

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 8

spheroidal synovial (ball in socket)

Question 9

What is the glenoid labrum?

Answer 9

ring of cartilage that surrounds and deepens glenoid cavity

Question 10

What are the ligaments on the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 10

glenohumeral L.
coracohumeral L.
Transverse humeral L.
coracoacromial L. (not technically on the joint, but the arch is important here)

Question 11

What direction does the shoulder typically dislocate? Why is this?

Answer 11

inferior and anterior

due to coracoacromial arch/ligament

Question 12

What type of joint is the elbow?

Answer 12

ginglymus synovial (hinge)

Question 13

What are the ligaments in the humeroulnar joint?

Answer 13

ulnar collateral L =
anterior band
posterior band
oblique band

Question 14

What is the ligament in the humeroradial joint?

Answer 14

radial collateral L.

Question 15

When the elbow is dislocated posteriorly, what ligament is usually torn?

Answer 15

Ulnar collateral L.

Question 16

What are the 3 olecranon bursae?

Answer 16

subtendinous
intratendinous
subcutatneous

Question 17

What is miner’s elbow/student’s elbow/dart thrower’s elbow?

Answer 17

subcutaneous olecranon bursitis resulting from excessive friction btw the skin and the olecranon

Question 18

What is the ligament in the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 18

annular ligament: extends around radius and inserts and originates on ulna to hold radius into place

Question 19

What type of joint is the proxial radioulnar joint?

Answer 19

trochoid synovial

Question 20

What is nursemaid’s elbow?

Answer 20

dislocation of radial head out of annular L.

Question 21

What type of joint is the middle radioulnar joint?

Answer 21

syndesmosis

Question 22

What are the ligaments in the middle radioulnar joint?

Answer 22

oblique cord

interosseous membrane

Question 23

What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 23

trochoid synovial

Question 24

In what joints is there a sacciform recess?

Answer 24

proximal and distal radioulnar

Question 25

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 25

condylar synovial

Question 26

What are the ligaments in the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 26

palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments palmar and dorsal ulnocarpal ligaments radial collateral ligament of the wrist ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist

Question 27

What type of joints are the intercarpals?

Answer 27

planar synovial

Question 28

What are the ligaments of note in the intercarpal joints?

Answer 28

posterior intercarpal ligaments anterior intercarpal ligaments inerosseous intercarpal L. pisohamate L.

Question 29

What is the pisohamate L.?

Answer 29

between pisiform and the hook of the hamate

Question 30

What type of joint is the midcarpal joint?

Answer 30

sellar synovial; not that much movement though

Question 31

What type of joint is the 1st CMC joint?

Answer 31

sellar synovial; from trapezium to 1st metacarpal

Question 32

What are the ligaments on the CMC joints?

Answer 32

palmar and dorsal carpometacarpal Ligaments on all pisometacarpal L radiate carpal L

Question 33

What metacarpal is the pisometacarpal L in association with?

Answer 33

5th = pinkey

Question 34

What is the radiate carpal L.

Answer 34

from capitate to bases of metacarpal bones

Question 35

Where is pectoral fascia?

Answer 35

surrounds pec major

Question 36

Where is the costocoracoid membrane?

Answer 36

under clavicle on top of ribs

Question 37

Where is the deep cervical fascia?

Answer 37

under clavicle surrounding subclavius m.

Question 38

Where is deltoid fascia?

Answer 38

surrounds deltoids

Question 39

Where is clavipectoral fascia?

Answer 39

surrounds pec minor

Question 40

where is axillary fascia?

Answer 40

in the armpit below pecs and deltoids; held up by the suspensory L. of the axilla

Question 41

What is the suspensory L.?

Answer 41

axillary fascia to clavipectoral fascia to hold it up in the armpit

Question 42

Where is bracial fascia?

Answer 42

surrounding all of the upper arm/brachial muscles

Question 43

Where is antebrachial fascia?

Answer 43

around forearm

Question 44

Where is the medial intermuscular septum?

Answer 44

medial of humerus; in between biceps, brachialis, and triceps transmits brachial artery!

Question 45

Where is the lateral intermuscular septum?

Answer 45

lateral of the humerus, in between the brachialis and triceps

Question 46

What separates the forearm into anterior and posterior compartments?

Answer 46

interosseous membrane btw ulna and radius

Question 47

Where is the extensor retinaculum? What is it made of?

Answer 47

on dorsal side of wrist holding extensor tendons in place | made of thick antebrachial fascia (continuous w/ palmar carpal L.)

Question 48

What are the synovial tendon sheaths?

Answer 48

surround extensor tendons to reduce friction btw them and extensor retinaculum *source of synovial/ganglion cysts

Question 49

Where is the palmar carpal L?

Answer 49

on palm; made of antebrachial fascia - continuous w/ extensor retinaculum

Question 50

What is the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 50

a ligament covering carpal tunnel

Question 51

What is the common flexor sheath?

Answer 51

large synovial sheath surrounding long tendons under flexor retinaculum to reduce friction