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MSK-1 > Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What innervates gluteus medius and minimus muscles?

A

superior gluteal n

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2
Q

What is the action of tensor fascia latae m.?

A

abducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh

slight extension of knee along w/ gluteus maximus

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3
Q

What is the origin and insertion of gluteus maximus?

A

O: posterior ilium, dorsal sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous L
I: IT band, some insert on gluteal tuberosity

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4
Q

What spinal nerves make up the nerve to piriformis?

A

S1-S2

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5
Q

What spinal nerves supply the superior gluteal n?

A

L4-S1

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6
Q

What ventral rami make up the posterior femoral cutaneous n?

A

S1-S3

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7
Q

What is gluteal gait or guchenne’s limp?

A

gluteus medius and minimus are damaged
hip cocks out on affected side and pelvis lowers on opposite side –> have to lean toward affected side to compensate during stance phase

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8
Q

What do the inferior cluneal nerves come off of? What do they innervate?

A

branch from posterior femoral cutaneous n

innervate skin of lower part of buttocks

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9
Q

What ligament forms the inferio-medial border of the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

sacrotuberous ligament

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10
Q

What does the deep branch of the superior gluteal a supply?

A

gluteus medius m.
gluteus minimus m.
Tensor fascia latae m.

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11
Q

What is tensor fascia latae m. innervated by?

A

superior gluteal n

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12
Q

What spinal nerves supply the nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus?

A

L5-S2

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13
Q

What are the attachments of obturator internus?

A

pelvic surface of ischium and obturator membrane

medial surface of greater trochanter

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14
Q

What muscles are activated during terminal swing?

A

quadriceps femoris
hamstrings
tibialis anterior

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15
Q

What spinal nerves make up the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

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16
Q

What exits the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

obturator internus m.

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17
Q

What enters the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

pudendal n and internal pudendal a

obturator internus/superior gemellus n

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18
Q

Where is the ischial bursa?

A

on ischial tuberosity

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19
Q

Where is quadratus femoris m?

What are its attachments?

A

inferior to inferior gemellus m
lateral border of ischial tuberosity
quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest

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20
Q

What does the inferior gluteal artery arise from?

What does it supply?

A 
from: internal iliac a
Supplies:
gluteus maximus
small lateral rotators
superior hamstrings
Cruciate anastomosis
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21
Q

What make up the superior cluneal nerves? What do they innervate?

A

L1-L3 dorsal Rami

superior and middle cluneal ns innervate superior 2/3 buttocks skin, sacrum and adjacent area

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22
Q

What nerve innervates piriformis m?

A

nerve to piriformis m

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23
Q

What does the superficial branch of the superior gluteal a supply?

A

gluteus maximus m.

24
Q

What spinal nerves supply the nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus?

A

L4-S1

25
Q

Together, what action do the triceps coxae perform?

A

laterally rotate extended thigh
abduct flexed thigh
steadies femoral head in acetabulum

26
Q

What make up the middle cluneal nerves? What do they innervate?

A

S1-S3 dorsal rami

superior and middle cluneal ns innervate superior 2/3 buttocks skin, sacrum and adjacent area

27
Q

What are the arteries that participate in the cruciate anastomosis?

A

inferior gluteal artery
transverse branch of medial circumflex femoral a
terminal part of transverse branch of lateral circumflex femoral a
first perforating a

28
Q

What are the attachments of piriformis m?

A

O: anterior part of sacrum
I: medial superior portion of greater trochanter

29
Q

What is the action of the IT band

A

assists in decelerating adduction of thigh
laterally stabilizes knee
if center of ration is w/in boundaries of IT band –> extensor of the knee when glut max contracts (can compensate for quad paralysis)
if center of rotation is anterior to boundaries of IT band –> flexor at knee

30
Q

What do the pudendal n and internal pudendal a do in relation to the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

A

both exit the greater

both enter the lesser

31
Q

What are the triceps coxae?

A

superior and inferior gemellus muscles

obturator internus muscle

32
Q

What spinal nerves make up the common fibular nerve?

A

L4-S2

33
Q

What is the action of gluteus medius and minimus?

A

thigh abduction and medial rotation (particularly gluteus minimus)

34
Q

What arteries arise from the internal iliac a.?

A

Superior gluteal a
inferior gluteal a
internal pudendal a

35
Q

What muscles are activated during heel off/terminal stance?

A

triceps surae and ilipsoas

36
Q

What muscles are activated during midstance?

A

triceps surae

37
Q

What are the attachments of superior and inferior gemellus ms?

A

ischial spine and ischial tuberosity

medial surface of greater trochanter

38
Q

What is the action of gluteus maximus?

A

chief extensor of the thigh
lateral rotation
slight extension of leg when working with TFL

39
Q

What muscles are activated during preswing/toe off?

A

rectus femoris and iliopsoas

40
Q

What does the superior gluteal artery arise from?

What are its branches?

A

arises from internal iliac artery (largest branch)
Superficial branch –> gluteus maximus
deep branch –> gluteus medius, minimus, TFL

41
Q

What is the general order of the gait cycle?

A 
heel strike/initial contact
loading response
midstance
terminal stance/heel off
preswing/toe off
terminal swing
heel strike
42
Q

What muscles are activated during heel strike/initial contact?

A

gluteus maximus, minimus, and medius

tibialis anterior

43
Q

What does the internal pudendal artery run with?

What does it supply?

A

pudendal n

supplies perineal muscles and ext genitalia

44
Q

What spinal nerves make up the pudendal n?

A

S2-S4

45
Q

What is the innervation of obturator externus?

A

obturator n

46
Q

Where is the trochanteric bursa? What is its clinical relevance?

A

in btw IT band and greater trochanter

commonly becomes inflamed –> trochanteric bursitis

47
Q

What muscles are activated during load response?

A

quadriceps femoris

48
Q

When during gate cycle are gluteus medius and minimus activated?
When are they relaxed?

A

during stance phase (when you are weight bearing on leg)

relaxed during swing phase of leg

49
Q

What exits the greater sciatic foramen?

A 
gluteal neurovascular bundles
piriformis
sciatic nerve
posterior femoral cutaneous n
pudendal n and internal pudendal a.
obturator internus/superior gemellus n
50
Q

Where is the obturator externus m? What are its attachments?

A

deep to pectineus
external margins of obturator foramen on anterior side
trochanteric fossa

51
Q

What the the IT band attach to?

A

iliac tubercle to tubercle on lateral tibial condyle

52
Q

When the patella moves laterally, how does the IT band function?

A

helps pull patella = synergist with vastus lateralis

antagonist of vastus medialis

53
Q

What spinal nerves supply the inferior gluteal n?

A

L5-S2

54
Q

Where is the gluteofemoral bursa?

A

on top of gluteus maximus on lateral side of hip below greater trochanter

55
Q

What is gluteus maximus innervated by?

What is its arterial supply?

A

inferior gluteal n

branches of superior and inferior gluteal arteries

56
Q

What spinal nerves make up the tibial nerve?

A

L4-S3

57
Q

What ligament separates the the greater sciatic foramen from the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

sacrospinous ligament

MSK-1 (28 decks)

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