Anterior and Lateral Leg Flashcards
What does the anterior tibial artery arise from?
When does it begin
popliteal artery
tibial tuberosity demarcates division of anterior and post tibial arteries
What are shin splints due to?
repetitive microtrama to tibialis Anterior m –> small tears to periosteum over tibia/tears to overlying fascia
mild form of compartment syndrome
How does the deep fibular nerve end?
medial and lateral terminal branches on dorsum of foot
What are the attachments of fibularis brevis m.?
proximal: inferolateral 2/3 of tibia
- -> goes posterior to lateral malleolus
distal: dorsal surface of tuberosity on fifth metatarsal
What is the function of the extensor retinaculum?
prevents bowstringing during dorsiflexion
What artery connects the cruciate anastomosis to the genicular anastomosis?
descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral a
What are the actions of extensor digitorum longus m?
extends lateral 4 digits
dorsiflexion
What are the attachments of fibularis longus m.?
proximal: head and superolateral 2/3 of fibula
- -> goes posterior to lateral malleolus
distal: (makes sling under foot) first MT and medial cuneiform
What are the actions of fibularis tertius?
dorsiflexion
eversion
What are the attachments of fibularis tertius?
proximal: anteroinferior fibular surface
distal: dorsum of fifth metatarsal base
What are the attachments of tibialis anterior?
lateral tibial condyle and superolateral 1/2 of tibia
medial surface of 1st cuneiform and 1st metatarsal base
What is the nerve in the anterior compartment?
Deep fibular nerve
What is the only cutaneous innervation of the deep fibular N?
skin betwen first and second toes
What two muscles do the deep fibular nerve and anterior tibial artery run between?
EHL and TA
What are the cutaneous innervations of the superficial fibular nerve?
anteroinferior leg
dorsal foot except btwn 1st and 2nd toes
most of dorsal skin of toes
What are the contents of the lateral crural compartment?
fibularis brevis m
fibularis longus m
superficial fibular n
On what bone is the groove for fibularis longus?
5th metatarsal
What do structures in compartments share?
same general function
nerve
artery and vein
What are the borders of the lateral crural compartment?
antero-medial border = anterior septum
posterior border = posterior septum
What are the borders of the anterior compartment
anterior = deep fascia lateral = anterior septum posterior = interosseous membrane medial = tibia
What are the actions of fibularis longus m?
eversion and planar flexion
What are the attachments of extensor hallucis longus m?
Proximal: anteromedial fibular surface and interosseous membrane; medial to distal half of proximal att of EDL
Distal: base of distal phalanx of hallux
What artery supplies the lateral compartment?
fibular A
What are the functions of extensor hallucis longus?
extend hallux
dorsiflex ankle
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment?
tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
What does the fibular a arise from?
fibular a is largest branch of posterior tibial A
What does damage to the common fibular n cause?
paralysis of all anterior and lateral crural ms –> loss of dorsiflexion and eversion –> drop foot = high stepping gate
loss of sensation along anterolateral leg and dorsum of foot
What is the most commonly injured lower extremity n?
common fibular N
winds superficially around fibular head
What are the actions of tibialis anterior m?
dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
How does the extensor expansion divide?
lateral 4 digits
one central slip on middle phalanx
2 lateral slips on distal phalanx
What are the attachments of extensor digitorum longus m?
Lateral tibial condyle; anterior fibular surface; interosseous membrane
extensor expansion –> 2 lateral slips on distal phalanx
1 central slip on middle phalanx
lateral 4 digits
What are the parts of the extensor retinaculum?
superior extensor retinaculum = horizontal
inferior extensor retinaculum = looks like a Z
What is crural (leg) fascia
deep fascia of leg continuous w/ fascia lata
thickens distally to form extensor retinaculum
