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AP Psychology > Unit One > Flashcards

Unit One Flashcards

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1
Q

Empiricism

A

View that knowledge comes from Experience so science should rely on observation and experimentation

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2
Q

Structuralism

A

A school is psych no longer exists that uses introspection to explore structural elements of human mind/consciousness

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3
Q

Functionalism

A

A school of psych no longer exists, that studies the function of our consciousness and how it helps us adapt and survive in our society

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4
Q

Experimental psychology

A

Study of behavior and thinking using experiments

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5
Q

Behaviorism

A

View of An objective science that studies behavior without referencing mental processes, solely observable behaviors

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6
Q

Humanistic psych

A

Historic perspective emphasizing the growth potential of people and their potential for personal growth

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7
Q

Cognitive neuroscience

A

Interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognitive ( perception, thinking, memory and language)

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8
Q

Psychology

A

The science of behavior and mental processes

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9
Q

Nature nurture

A

What genes and experiences add to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Through experience or born with them

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10
Q

Natural selection

A

Surviving traits will be passed on to generations

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11
Q

Biopsychosocial approach

A

An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological and social cultural levels of analysis

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12
Q

Biopsychosocial biological influence

A

Natural secretion of adaptive Traits
Genetic predispositions responding to environment
Brain mechanisms
Hormonal influences

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13
Q

Biopsychosocial psychological influence

A

Learned fears and expectations
Emotional responses
Cognitive processing and interpretations

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14
Q

Biopsychosocial social-cultural influences

A

Prescience of others
Cultural,societal, and family expectations
Peer and other group influences
Compelling models like media

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15
Q

Levels of analysis

A

The different views from bio to psycho to social for analyzing any given phenomena

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16
Q

Biological psychology

A

Branch that studies the links between biological and psychological processes

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17
Q

Evolutionary psychology

A

Study of roots of behavior and mental processes using natural secretion principals

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18
Q

Psychodynamic psychology

A

Studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses info to treat people with psycho disorders

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19
Q

Behavioral psych

A

Scientific study of observable behavior and it’s explanation through learning

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20
Q

Cognitive psych

A

Study of all mental activities associated with thinking knowing remembering and communicating

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21
Q

Social cultural psych

A

Study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

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22
Q

Bio approach

A

How body and brain enable emotion memories and armory experiences
How genes work with environment to influence individual differences

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23
Q

Evolution approach

A

How the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of genes

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24
Q

Psychodynamic

A

How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

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25
Q

Behavioral approach

A

How we learn observable responses

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26
Q

Cognitive approach

A

How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information

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27
Q

Humanistic approach

A

How we meet our needs for live and acceptance and achieve self fulfillment

28
Q

Social cultural approach

A

How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures

29
Q

Psychometrics

A

Study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes and traits

30
Q

Basic research

A

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

31
Q

Developmental psych

A

Study of physical cognitive and social change throughout the life span

32
Q

Educational psych

A

How psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching an learning

33
Q

Personality psych

A

Study of an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

34
Q

Social psychology

A

Study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

35
Q

Applied research

A

Study that aims to solve practical problems

36
Q

Industrial organizational

(I/o) psych

A

Applying psychological concepts/methods to optimize human behavior in workplaces

37
Q

Human factors psych

A

Study of how people and machines interact,

And the design of safe and easily used machines and environment

38
Q

Counseling psych

A

Branch of psych that assists people with problems in loving and in achieving greater well being

39
Q

Clinical psychology

A

Branch that studies assesses and treats people with psychological disorders

40
Q

Psychiatry

A

Branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders, medical treatments and psychological therapy

41
Q

SQ3R

A

Survey, question, read, rehearse, review

42
Q

What did buddha do

A

Pondered how sensations and perceptions combine to form ideas

43
Q

What did Confucius do

A

Stressed the power of ideas and of an educated mind

44
Q

What did Hebrew scholars do?

A

Anticipated today’s psych by linking mind with body, people were said to think with their heart and feel with their bowels

45
Q

What did Socrates and Plato think

A

Concluded that the mind is separable from the body, and that knowledge is innate. Derived principals by logic

46
Q

What did Aristotle think

A

Derived principals from careful observation. Knowledge is not pre existing but grows from experiences and memories

47
Q

What did rené Descartes think

A

Agreed with innate ideas and mine being deportable from body.

48
Q

What did Descartes study and conclude

A

Dissected animals and concluded fluid in brain is anaimal spirits. Spirit flows through nerves prolong movement.

49
Q

What was Descartes right about

A

That nerve paths are important and that they enable reflexes, he proposes the hydraulics of simple reflex

50
Q

What did Francis bacon do

A

One founder of modern science, concluded superstition is deluded beliefs neglecting the ideas of failure.

51
Q

What did John Locke do

A

Said the mind at birth is a blank state, on which experience writes

52
Q

Who helped form modern empiricism

A

John Locke and Francis bacon

53
Q

Who created the first psychological experiment and first psychological laboratory

A

Wilhelm wundt, ball sound experiment

54
Q

Who introduced structuralism

A

Edward Bradford titchener, he aimed to discover the structures of them mind.

55
Q

What was titcheners experiment for structuralism

A

Having people address their sensations, images and pictures for a rose

56
Q

Who came up with the phrase “ only one thing in the universe we know more about than external observation, inside information”

A

Titcheners and C.S.Lewis

57
Q

What was wrong with introspection

A

It was unreliable, results varied from person to person

58
Q

What did William James think and introduce

A

That consciousness serves a function and introduced functionalism, exploring emotions, memories, mom moment to moment streams of consciousness

59
Q

Who was denied her Harvard degree, and was the first female president of APA but not recognized for it?

A

Mary calkins

60
Q

Who write the principals of psychology

A

William James

61
Q

What did sigmound Freud do

A

Developed theory of personality, emphasized ways emotional responses to childhood experiences and our unconscious thought processes affect our behavior

62
Q

How was earlier psychology defined

A

Science of mental life

63
Q

Later defined as study of observable behavior by

A

John b Watson and J F skinner

64
Q

What did Carl Rodgers and Abraham Maslow don

A

Thought behaviorism too mechanistic, introducing humanistic psych

65
Q

Tips for studying psychology

A

SQ3R
Overlearn
Distribute time

AP Psychology (29 decks)

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