11 Key Terms

Question 1

Intelligence test

Answer 1

A method for assessing an individuals mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores

Question 2

Intelligence

Answer 2

Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

Question 3

General intelligence (g)

Answer 3

A general intelligence factor that, according to spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test

Question 4

Factor analysis

Answer 4

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (factors) on a test, used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a persons total scorer

Question 5

Savant syndrome

Answer 5

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability had an exceptional specific skill, such as drawing or computation

Question 6

Emotional intelligence

Answer 6

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions

Question 7

Mental age

Answer 7

A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet, the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance

Question 8

Standford Binet

Answer 8

The widely used American revision of binets original intelligence test

Question 9

Intelligence quotient

Answer 9

Original- ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100
Contemporary- the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100

Question 10

Achievement tests

Answer 10

Tests designed to assess what a person has learned

Question 11

Aptitude tests

Answer 11

Tests designed to predict a persons future performance

Question 12

Aptitude

Answer 12

Is the capacity to learn

Question 13

Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS)

Answer 13

Most widely used intelligence test

Contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests

Question 14

Standardization

Answer 14

Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group

Question 15

Normal curve

Answer 15

The symmetrical, bell shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near Average and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes

Question 16

Reliability

Answer 16

The extent to which a test yields consistent results as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves or the test or retesting

Question 17

Validity

Answer 17

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to predict

Question 18

Content validity

Answer 18

The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest
Ex the road test has content validity because it samples tasks a driver routine test faces

Question 19

Predictive validity

Answer 19

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict
It is assessed by computing correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior

Question 20

Intellectual disability

Answer 20

Mental retardation
A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life

Question 21

Down syndrome

Answer 21

A condition of intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21

Question 22

Stereotype threat

Answer 22

A self confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype