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AP Psychology > 10 key terms > Flashcards

10 key terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

An individuals characteristic pattern of thinking feeling and acting

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2
Q

Free association

A

In psychoanalysis
A method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxed and says whatever comes to mind no matter how trivial or embarrassing

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3
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Freuds theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts
Used to treat psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions

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4
Q

Unconscious

A

According to Freud
A reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts wishes feelings and memories
Contemporary psych says it’s information processing or which we are unaware

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5
Q

Id

A

A reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that according to Freud arrives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives.
Operates on pleasure principle immediate gratification

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6
Q

Ego

A

The largely conscious part of personality that according to Freud mediated Among the demands of the id superego and reality
Operates on reality principle
Realistically being pleasure than pain

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7
Q

Superego

A

Part of personality that (Freud) represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgement and for future aspirations

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8
Q

Psychosexual stages

A

The childhood development (oral,anal, phallic,latency, genital) during which according to Freud the id pleasure seeking energy focus on distinct erogenous zones

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9
Q

Oedipus complex

A

Freud, a boys sexual desires toward mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father

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10
Q

Identification

A

Process (Freud) children incorporate their parents values into their developing superegos

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11
Q

Fixation

A

(Freud) a lingering focus of pleasure seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage in which conflicts were resolved with

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12
Q

Defense mechanisms

A

In psychoanalysis, the egos protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

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13
Q

Repression

A

In psychoanalysis, defense mechanism that vanishes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories Fromm consciousness

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14
Q

Regression

A

Psychoanalytical defense mechanism in which an individual faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated

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15
Q

Reaction formation

A

Psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites. This people may express feelings that are the opposite of their anxiety arousing unconscious feelings

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16
Q

Projection

A

Psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others

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17
Q

Rationalization

A

Psychoanalytic defense mechanism that offers self justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening unconscious reasons for ones actions

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18
Q

Displacement

A

Psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet

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19
Q

Sublimation

A

Psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people re channel their unacceptable impulses into socially approved activities

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20
Q

Denial

A

Psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people refuse to believe or even perceive painful realities

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21
Q

Collective unconscious

A

Carl jungs concept of a shared inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species history

22
Q

Projective test

A

A personality test that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of ones inner dynamics

23
Q

Thematic apperception test (TAT)

A

A projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

24
Q

Rorschach ink blot test

A

The most widely used projective test, a set of ten ink blots which seeks to identify people’s inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots

25
Q

Terror management theory

A

A theory of death related anxiety, explores people’s emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their impending death

26
Q

Self actualization

A

(Maslow) one of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self esteem achieved
The motivation to fulfill ones potential

27
Q

Unconditional positive regard

A

(Rogers) an attitude of total acceptance toward another person

28
Q

Self concept

A

All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves in answer to the question who am I

29
Q

Trait

A

A characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act as assessed by self report inventories and peer reports

30
Q

Personality inventory

A

A questionnaire ( t or f) on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors used to assess selected personality traits

31
Q

Minnesota multiphase personality inventory (MMPI)

A

The most widely used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders, test now used for many other screening purposes

32
Q

Empirically derived test

A

A test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups

33
Q

Social cognitive perspective

A

Views behavior as influences by the interaction between peoples traits and their social context

34
Q

Reciprocal determinism

A

The interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition and environment

35
Q

Personal control

A

The extent to which people perceive control over their environment rather than feeling helpless

36
Q

External locus of control

A

The perception that chance or outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate

37
Q

Internal locus of control

A

The perception that you control your own fate

38
Q

Positive psychology

A

The scientific study of optimal human functioning, aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive

39
Q

Self

A

In contemporary psychology, assumed to be the center of personality, the organizer of or thoughts feelings and actions

40
Q

Spot light effect

A

Overestimating others noticing and evaluating our appearance performance and blunders (spotlight shines on us)

41
Q

Self esteem

A

Ones feelings of high or low self worth

42
Q

Self serving bias

A

A readiness to perceive one self favorable

43
Q

Individualism

A

Giving priority to ones own goals over group goals and defining ones identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications

44
Q

Collectivism

A

Giving priority time the goals of ones group and defining ones identify accordingly

45
Q

Gordon allport

A

Personality traits

46
Q

Signing Freud

A

Unconscious

47
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

Self actualization

48
Q

Albert bandura

A

Personal control

49
Q

Carl rogers

A

Unconditional positive regard

50
Q

Carl jung

A

Collective unconscious

AP Psychology (29 decks)

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