Unit 9: Immunotherapy Agents

Question 1

What is IVIG used to treat?

Answer 1

BMT
Kawasaki’s Disease
IG deficiencies
C. Diff

Question 2

When IVIG is used with IG deficiencies, what gets checked, and how often?

Answer 2

given monthly –> recheck labs
monitor infections
note symptoms of infections
dose more often if necessary

Question 3

What is RhoGam used for?

Answer 3

only used when mother is Rh- and baby is Rh+

used during miscarriages and shortly after pregnancy

Question 4

What does it mean for a mother to be Rh-?

Answer 4

AB-, A-, B-, O-

Question 5

Name 3 major types of anemia

Answer 5

macrocytic
microcycic
sickle cell

Question 6

What type of anemia is iron deficiency?

Answer 6

macrocytic

hypochromic

Question 7

What is the problem in iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 7

body needs iron to make up RBCs

w/o iron, RBCs are tiny and pale

Question 8

What is seen on lab work that indicates iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 8

low serum iron
low serum ferritin
total iron binding capacity is high (RBCs able to bind iron, lacking free iron)

Question 9

How is iron deficiency anemia treated?

Answer 9

iron

Question 10

What is total iron binding capacity (TIBC)?

Answer 10

measure’s blood’s capacity to bind iron with transferrin

measures maximum amount of iron a blood sample can carry

Question 11

What kind of anemia is B12 deficiency?

Answer 11

macrocytic

cell is large, full, and flatter

Question 12

What is seen on lab work with Vitamin B12 deficiency?

Answer 12

high/normal serum iron
high/normal serum ferritin
low/normal TIBC

Question 13

What is typical of patients with Vitamin B12 deficiency?

Answer 13

> age 65

malabsorption

Question 14

How is Vitamin B12 given to patients?

Answer 14

injection, as pt is deficient due to malabsorption

Question 15

Why do vegetarians have a high risk of iron deficiency?

Answer 15

body can only absorb 10% of iron from plant-based foods, vs 40% from animal foods

Question 16

Side effects of oral iron dosing

Answer 16

N/V/D
constipation
black stools
can become toxic

Question 17

How are toxic levels of iron treated?

Answer 17

chelation to remove excess

Question 18

How is oral iron dosed?

Answer 18

ferrous sulfate 324mg PO TID (65mg elemental iron)

Question 19

When is parenteral iron used?

Answer 19

special situations

Question 20

How is parenteral iron dosed?

Answer 20

calculated using lean body weight

Question 21

How is Vitamin B12 dosed?

Answer 21

100-1000mg every other day for 1 week
monthly for maintenance
dose depends on level of deficiency

Question 22

What is important to watch with Vitamin B12 dosing?

Answer 22

Vitamin B12 via labs

Question 23

What kind of anemia is folic acid deficiency?

Answer 23

macrocytic

Question 24

Who is more likely to have folic acid deficiency?

Answer 24

pregnant patients

patients with hemolytic anemia

Question 25

How is folic acid deficiency treated

Answer 25

folic acid 1mg daily

Question 26

Name 4 types of hematopoietic growth factors used for anemia

Answer 26

erythropoietin
granulocyte colony stimulating factor
granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
interleukin 11

Question 27

What does erythropoietin do?

Answer 27

stimulates erythropoiesis (growth of RBCs)

Question 28

What is erythropoietin used for?

Answer 28

anemia, cancer

Question 29

Name 2 formulations of erythropoietin

Answer 29

epoetin alfa

darbepoetin alfa

Question 30

What are filgrastim and pefilgrastim?

Answer 30

granulocyte colony stimulating factors

Question 31

What is sargramostim?

Answer 31

granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor

Question 32

What is Interleukin 11 used for?

Answer 32

thrombocytopenia after chemo as it stimulates the growth of lymphoid or myeloid cells

Question 33

What are granulocyte-colony stimulating factors and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factors used for?

Answer 33

anemia
cancer
neutropenia
myelodysplasia
aplastic anemia