Unit 3: K47.Antimycobacterial Drugs

Question 1

Mycobacteria have a very thick outer coat and easily develop resistance, so …

Answer 1

Multiple agents need to be used

Question 2

If you see a cavitation lesion in an upper lobe, assume … until proven otherwise

Answer 2

Tuberculosis

Question 3

Tuberculosis can also affect…

Answer 3

Glands, etc

Question 4

What body sites of TB infection are contagious?

Answer 4

Only the lungs

Question 5

Drugs used to treat TB

Answer 5

Rifampin
Isoniazid (INH)
Pyranzinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin

Question 6

Drugs used to treat leprosy

Answer 6

Acedapsone
Dapsone
Clofazimine
Rifampin

Question 7

Rifampin MOA

Answer 7

Inhibits RNA synthesis

Question 8

Rifampin adverse effects

Answer 8

Urine and tears will turn orange; rash; nephritis; thrombocytopenia

Question 9

Rifampin is metabolized by the _____ so watch for ________

Answer 9

The liver

GI side effects

Question 10

Isoniazid (INH)

Answer 10

Fewer side effects than rifampin

Question 11

Dosing for rifampin

Answer 11

1x daily for 4 months

Question 12

Isoniazid dosing

Answer 12

1x daily for 9 months

Question 13

Isoniazid: monitor _____

Answer 13

Kidney and liver functions

Question 14

Isoniazid tends to decrease _____, so watch for _______

Answer 14

B6 levels

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 15

What can be given with isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathy?

Answer 15

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

Question 16

Pyrazinamide MOA

Answer 16

Disrupts mycobacterial cell membranes metabolism and transport functions

Question 17

Pyrazinamide (PZA) indication

Answer 17

Used only for treatment of TB

Question 18

Adverse effects of PZA

Answer 18

Nausea, vomiting
Fever
Photosensitivity
Hyperuricemia

Question 19

Ethambutol adverse effects

Answer 19

Visual changes:
Decreased visual acuity
Red/green color blindness