Unit 4: Cholinergics and Adrenergics: Key Points Flashcards
“Cholinergic” refers to receptors that respond to which neurotransmitter(s)?
ACETYLCHOLINE
“Adrenergic” refers to receptors that respond to which neurotransmitter(s)?
EPINEPHRINE and
NOREPINEPHRINE
Acetylcholine travels through _______ fibers
CHOLINERGIC
Norepinephrine travels through ______ fibers
ADRENERGIC
List the autonomic nervous system receptors
CHOLINOCEPTORS: muscarinic, nicotinic
ADRENORECEPTORS: alpha, beta, dopamine
To what part of the nervous system do cholinoceptors belong?
autonomic
Are cholinoceptors sympathetic or parasympathetic?
mostly parasympathetic
What happens when the cholinoceptors get stimulated?
- -contraction of smooth muscle (respiratory, GI, GU, eye)
- -vasodilation
- -decrease in heart rate
- -increase in bodily secretions (skin, eyes, GI, GU)
What happens with cholinergic antagonism?
CNS: drowsiness, hallucinations, coma
EYES: mydriasis (dry eye), cycloplegia (blurred vision)
HEART: increase in heart rate
LUNGS: bronchial dilation, decrease in secretions
GI: decreased motility, decreased secretions
GU: retention (sphincter contraction, smooth muscle relaxation)
SKIN: decreased sweating, flushing
Where are the MUSCARINIC receptors located?
All PARASYMPATHETIC target organs have muscarunic receptors
Where are the NICOTINIC receptors located?
- All autonomic ganglia have NICOTINIC receptors
2. All neuromuscular junction receptors are NICOTINIC
Activation of MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS:
Effect on the EYE
Miosis (constriction of pupil)
Activation of MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS:
Effect on the CV SYSTEM
Decrease heart rate
Activation of MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS:
Effect on the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Bronchial constriction, increased secretions
Activation of MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS:
Effect on the GI SYSTEM
Increased motility
Sphincter relaxation
