Unit 4: Physiology Review Flashcards

1
Q

2 branches of peripheral nervous system

A

Autonomic

Somatic

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2
Q

The autonomic nervous system is in charge of managing:

A

Cardiovascular system
Smooth muscle of GI tract
Endocrine system

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3
Q

With the autonomic nervous system, how many nerves are required to innervate an organ?

What are they called?

A

2

Preganglionic neruon (originates in CNS)
Postganglionic  neuron
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4
Q

Neurotransmitter released by all preganglionic neurons

A

Acetylcholine

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5
Q

Divisions of autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic

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6
Q

The sympathetic nervous system is ________, meaning it ________ energy

A

Catabolic

Burns

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7
Q

The parasympathetic nervous system is _______, meaning it _______ energy

A

Anabolic

Conserves

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8
Q

The sympathetic nervous system is aka the ___________ system because …

A

Thoracolumbar

Ganglia are located along the vertebral column along the thoracic and lumbar regions

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9
Q

The parasympathetic nervous system is aka the ________ system because …

A

Craniosacral

Preganglionic neurons are found in the brain stem and sacral region of spinal cord

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10
Q

The actions of the sympathetic nervous system are (widespread or localized) because…

A

Widespread

One preganglionic axon forms synapses with many postganglionic cells

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11
Q

The actions of the parasympathetic nervous system are (widespread or localized) because…

A

Localized

One preganglionic axon tends to form a synapse with one or two postganglionic cells

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12
Q

All PARASYMPATHETIC postganglionic neurons release _____

A

Acetylcholine

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13
Q

Most SYMPATHETIC postganglionic neurons release

A

Norepinephrine

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14
Q

In the parasympathetic nervous system, ______ interacts with ______ receptors in the target organ

A

Acetylcholine

Muscarunic (ALL receptors are muscarunic)

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15
Q

In the sympathetic nervous system, ______ interacts with ______ receptors in the target organ

A

Norepinephrine

A variety of

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16
Q

What does the somatic nervous system control?

A

Movement

17
Q

What neurotransmitter is used by the somatic nervous system?

A

Acetylcholine

18
Q

What receptors are found in the somatic nervous system?

A

Nicotinic

**ALL receptors are nicotinic

19
Q

What kind of receptors are found in the adrenal medulla?

A

Nicotinic

20
Q

What kind of receptors are used by ALL autonomic ganglia?

A

Nicotinic

21
Q

What are the receptors for norepinephrine?

A

Alpha and beta

Alpha 1 
Alpha 2
Beta 1
Beta 2
Beta 3
22
Q

Where are Beta 1 receptors found?

A

Heart (mostly beta 1)

23
Q

Where are beta 2 receptors found?

A

Skeletal muscle blood vessels

Bronchial smooth muscle

24
Q

Where are beta 3 receptors found?

A

Adipose tissue

25
Q

What targets are innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?

A
Eye
Heart
Bronchial smooth muscle
GI tract smooth muscle
GU smooth muscle