Unit 4: Physiology Review Flashcards
2 branches of peripheral nervous system
Autonomic
Somatic
The autonomic nervous system is in charge of managing:
Cardiovascular system
Smooth muscle of GI tract
Endocrine system
With the autonomic nervous system, how many nerves are required to innervate an organ?
What are they called?
2
Preganglionic neruon (originates in CNS) Postganglionic neuron
Neurotransmitter released by all preganglionic neurons
Acetylcholine
Divisions of autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
The sympathetic nervous system is ________, meaning it ________ energy
Catabolic
Burns
The parasympathetic nervous system is _______, meaning it _______ energy
Anabolic
Conserves
The sympathetic nervous system is aka the ___________ system because …
Thoracolumbar
Ganglia are located along the vertebral column along the thoracic and lumbar regions
The parasympathetic nervous system is aka the ________ system because …
Craniosacral
Preganglionic neurons are found in the brain stem and sacral region of spinal cord
The actions of the sympathetic nervous system are (widespread or localized) because…
Widespread
One preganglionic axon forms synapses with many postganglionic cells
The actions of the parasympathetic nervous system are (widespread or localized) because…
Localized
One preganglionic axon tends to form a synapse with one or two postganglionic cells
All PARASYMPATHETIC postganglionic neurons release _____
Acetylcholine
Most SYMPATHETIC postganglionic neurons release
Norepinephrine
In the parasympathetic nervous system, ______ interacts with ______ receptors in the target organ
Acetylcholine
Muscarunic (ALL receptors are muscarunic)
In the sympathetic nervous system, ______ interacts with ______ receptors in the target organ
Norepinephrine
A variety of
What does the somatic nervous system control?
Movement
What neurotransmitter is used by the somatic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
What receptors are found in the somatic nervous system?
Nicotinic
**ALL receptors are nicotinic
What kind of receptors are found in the adrenal medulla?
Nicotinic
What kind of receptors are used by ALL autonomic ganglia?
Nicotinic
What are the receptors for norepinephrine?
Alpha and beta
Alpha 1 Alpha 2 Beta 1 Beta 2 Beta 3
Where are Beta 1 receptors found?
Heart (mostly beta 1)
Where are beta 2 receptors found?
Skeletal muscle blood vessels
Bronchial smooth muscle
Where are beta 3 receptors found?
Adipose tissue
What targets are innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?
Eye Heart Bronchial smooth muscle GI tract smooth muscle GU smooth muscle
