Unit 3: K49.Antivirals Flashcards
Most used antiherpes drug
Acyclovir
Acyclovir has a ____half life
Short —> must be dosed frequently
How is valacyclovir related to acyclovir?
Adjusted medication to extend half life; can be taken less frequently
Brand name for docosanol; what is it used to treat?
Abreva; cold sores
What is CMV?
Cytomegalovirus; it is a mono-like illness
What can be used to treat CMV?
Ganciclovir
5 Anti-HIV Classes
- NRTIs = nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- NNRTIs = nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- Protease inhibitors
- Entry and Fusion Inhibitors
- Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTs)
Viruses have RNA or DNA?
RNA
MOA:
NRTIs = nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
NNRTIs = nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Block reverse transcription of viral RNA into DNA
MOA: Protease inhibitors
Block viron assembly and virus from leaving cell (stop virus from finishing maturation process)
MOA: Entry and Fusion Inhibitors
Block entry of virus into cell or fusion with cell
MOA: Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTs)
Block integration of viral DNA with host DNA nucleus; block hijacking of nucleus
HAART stands for…
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
*** must use multiple medications for HIV
Why can’t we get rid of HIV?
Virus is very successful at hiding out in some of our cells
What is genotype testing for a virus?
Basically a Culture and Sensitivity for a virus
Adverse effects: NRTIs
Symptoms?
Can cause lactic acidosis
Sx: muscle aches or changes in liver enzymes
Check: liver functions, lactic acid levels
NNRTI Sustiva (efavirenz) can cause what?
Bizarre dreams