Unit 6 Musculoskeletal Deviations (Week 3) Flashcards
posture:
The way the body holds itself when sitting, standing, lying down, or moving.
relative strength and flexibility of the spinal muscles play a role in
the alignment of the trunk and pelvis
When imbalances exist, three abnormal conditions result:
lordosis, scoliosis, and kyphosis
lordosis:
A spinal disorder in which the spine curves significantly inward at the lower back. Also called ‘Swayback.’
scoliosis:
A spinal disorder in which there is a sideways curve to the spine. The curve is often S-shaped or C-shaped.
kyphosis:
A spinal disorder which is characterized by an abnormally rounded upper back (more than 50 degrees of curvature).
Lordosis possible tight muscles
Lower back (erectors), hip flexors
Flatback - possible tight muscles
Upper abdominals, hip extensors
Swayback - possible tight muscles
Upper abdominals, hip extensors
Kyphosis - possible tight muscles
Internal oblique, shoulder adductors (pectorals and latissimus), intercostals
forward head - possible tight muscles
Cervical extensors, upper trapezius
flatback - possible weak muscles
Lower back (erectors), hip flexors
swayback - possible weak muscles
Oblique abdominals, hip extensors
kyphosis - possible weak muscles
Erector spinae of the thoracic spine, scapular adductors (mid and lower trapezius)
lordosis - possible weak muscles
Abdominals (especially obliques),
forward head - possible weak muscles
neck flexors
The key to having a well-aligned and balanced body is to
develop the muscles (agonists) on one side of the joint with the muscles on the other side of the joint (antagonists).
Muscular tonus
is associated with blood circulation and economy in movement
the spine supports
the weight of the head, trunk, and upper extremities
the spine encloses and protects
the spinal cord and the nerves, which lead to and from it.
how many natural curves does the spine have
4
In general, a person’s spine should maintain
30 to 40 degrees of spinal flexion forward and
15 to 20 degrees of spinal extension to the rear
experts suggest that intradiscal pressure when seated is up to
11 times greater than when lying down.
intradiscal pressure:
Pressure present between vertebral disks.
ergonomics:
A science that deals with designing and arranging things so that people can use them easily and safely.
NAME EXERCISE: shortens the abdominal muscles in front and the gluteal muscles in back is essential to attaining the best position of the pelvis in relation to the trunk.
Glute bridges
When you have good posture,
your muscles are in balance and your body is symmetrical.
Benefits of good posture:
ease of movement, good balance of muscle strength and flexibility, proper positioning of the spine, and proper functioning of the internal organs, your body feels good, therefore you feel good.
To evaluate your posture, stand with your back against a wall. Your heels, backs of calves, buttocks, upper back, and head should comfortably touch the wall.
stand with your back against a wall: Your heels, backs of calves, buttocks, upper back, and head should comfortably touch the wall.
The spine is the keystone of
body structure and must support the weight of the body.
Sitting is inescapable for most people, so the best advice is to
(1) limit time spent sitting as much as possible, and (2) design your workplace according to correct ergonomics.
For correct ergonomics, feet must be
sufficiently strong to keep the body equally balanced and the shins in line with the feet, head, trunk, and upper extremities.
