Unit 25 EXERCISE AND DIABETES (week 8)

Question 1

diabetes:

Answer 1

A metabolic disease in which the body’s inability to produce any or enough insulin causes elevated levels of glucose in the blood.

Question 2

insulin:

Answer 2

A polypeptide hormone functioning in the regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, especially the conversion of glucose to glycogen, which lowers the blood glucose level.

Question 3

glucose

Answer 3

Principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body.

Question 4

two major forms of diabetes:

Answer 4

Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes and Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes.

Question 5

Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes

Answer 5

A chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin, a hormone needed to allow sugar (glucose) to enter cells to produce energy.

Question 6

Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes.

Answer 6

A chronic condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar (glucose), your body’s important source of fuel.

Question 7

elevated level of blood sugar

Answer 7

hyperglycemia

Question 8

More than _______ Americans die annually from diabetes and its complications.

Answer 8

150,000

Question 9

diabetes has also been shown to increase the likelihood of

Answer 9

suffering from heart disease, stroke, gangrene, kidney disease, and a serious eye disorder called retinopathy

Question 10

diabetes is the number one cause of adult

_______ in the United States, resulting in more than ______ new cases of blindness annually

Answer 10

blindness; 5,000

Question 11

beneficial aspects of exercise that are either directly or indirectly related to diabetes are:

Answer 11

lowering excess blood sugar levels by helping transport glucose out of the bloodstream and into the cells where it can be used, strengthening the muscles and the heart, improving circulation (thereby increasing blood flow to the body’s organs), and reducing stress.

Question 12

Guidelines for exercise

Answer 12

1. Diabetic individuals should undergo medical evals before starting an exercise program.
2. Diabetics should be encouraged to monitor their blood sugar levels before, during, and after exercise.
3. Unless limited by complications of the disease, diabetics can engage in the same types of activities as non-diabetics.
4. The intensity of exercise for diabetics should be (55% to 85% of MHR).
5. Diabetics should be instructed to always carry a form of fast-acting carbohydrate (e.g., juice, soft drinks, candy, glucose tablets, etc.)
6. Diabetics should be encouraged to exercise with a partner who is aware of the signs, symptoms, and treatment of hypoglycemia.
7. Diabetics should be instructed to check their feet carefully for swelling before and after exercise, because of their increased susceptibility to infection.

Question 13

anhidrosis:

Answer 13

A failure of the sweating mechanism.

Question 14

Diabetes increases your likelihood of suffering from:

Answer 14

Heart disease
Stroke
Gangrene
Kidney disease