Unit 5 Biomechanics of Exercise (Week 3)

Question 1

biomechanics

Answer 1

the study of movement.
mainly with physical factors such as speed, mass, acceleration, levers, and force along with the physical functions of the movement

Question 2

Stability is

Answer 2

the ability to maintain a balanced state

Question 3

Stability principle: the larger the base of support,

Answer 3

the greater the body’s stability

Question 4

Stability principle: the lower the body is,

Answer 4

the more stable it becomes.

Question 5

Bent knee position prevents (2)

Answer 5

knee injuries and lower-body movement and keeps the spine vertical when performing upper body twisting

Question 6

If the feet are parallel and shoulder-width apart (A), the weight should be

Answer 6

close to you or overhead.

ex: back squat

Question 7

In a stride position (B), you can better balance the weight in a

Answer 7

forward–backward direction.

ex: standing chest press

Question 8

Force is

Answer 8

the interaction that creates work, action, or physical change.

Question 9

Muscular force is exhibited in

Answer 9

a push or pull type motion.

Question 10

four components of force:

Answer 10

magnitude, direction, point of application, and line of action.

Question 11

Magnitude refers to

Answer 11

how much force is applied to the dumbbells, barbells, or machine handles.

Question 12

direction:

Answer 12

The way in which the force is applied

Question 13

Point of application refers to

Answer 13

where the force is applied on the body or implement being used

Question 14

Line of action (also line of force) refers to

Answer 14

an imaginary straight line drawn from the point of application of force through the direction of force

Question 15

The angle at which a muscle pulls relative to the long axis of the bone on which it pulls.

Answer 15

angle of pull

Question 16

mechanical advantage,

Answer 16

ability to do more work at a specific angle

Question 17

work

Answer 17

F x D. Measured in foot-pounds and similar units. Example: Lifting a 200-pound barbell 8 feet and lifting a 400-pound barbell 4 feet each require 1,600 foot-pounds of work.

Question 18

power:

Answer 18

The work done in a unit of time.

Question 19

The faster the work is done, t

Answer 19

he greater the amount of power;

Question 20

Newton’s first law states

Answer 20

an object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion; this is the essence of inertia.

Question 21

Resting inertia

Answer 21

when an object is at rest, it will stay at rest unless acted upon by some outside force

Question 22

Moving inertia

Answer 22

when an object is in motion, it will remain in motion unless acted upon by some outside force

Question 23

range of motion (ROM):

Answer 23

the movement of a joint from full flexion to full extension.

Question 24

in order to create a force, you must place

Answer 24

a mass into motion with acceleration and a change in velocity.

Question 25

mass multiplied by velocity is known as

Answer 25

momentum

Question 26

mass

Answer 26

A body of coherent matter.

Question 27

acceleration

Answer 27

The rate of change of velocity per unit of time.

Question 28

velocity

Answer 28

The speed of something in a given direction.

Question 29

Newton’s third law of motion

Answer 29

objects in contact exert equal and opposite forces on each other.

Question 30

lever:

Answer 30

Rigid bar that turns about an axis of rotation or a fulcrum.

Question 31

fulcrum:

Answer 31

The point on which a lever rests or is supported and on which it pivots.

Question 32

first-class lever:

Answer 32

Fulcrum in the middle, the effort is applied on one side of the fulcrum and the resistance on the other.
ex: nodding your head

Question 33

second-class lever:

Answer 33

A lever in which the load lies between the fulcrum and the effort.
ex: push-up

Question 34

third-class lever:

Answer 34

A lever in which the effort is placed between the fulcrum and the load.
ex: bicep attaching to elbow

Question 35

torque:

Answer 35

the magnitude of twist around an axis of rotation (fulcrum).

Question 36

gravity:

Answer 36

The downward pulling force that creates resistance.

Question 37

center of gravity:

Answer 37

The point in the body around which your weight is equally distributed.

Question 38

line of gravity:

Answer 38

A vertical line straight down from the center of gravity.

Question 39

kinesthesis:

Answer 39

The ability to perceive your position and movement of the body or body limbs in space.

Question 40

visual reference point:

Answer 40

A chosen point of focus to aid in stability and balance.

Question 41

Force transmission arrangements in the body include

Answer 41

wheel and axle, pulley, pushing, and pulling.