Unit 4 Kinesiology (Week 3)

Question 1

Types of muscle contractions

Answer 1

Concentric, eccentric, and isometric

Question 2

In a concentric contraction,

Answer 2

Muscles shorts
Muscular force and Movement ⬆️
Ex: bicep curl

Question 3

In an eccentric contraction (yielding contraction)

Answer 3

Muscles lengthens (stretches)

Question 4

The eccentric contraction plays a very important role in

Answer 4

Controlling and stopping movement and in preparing the muscles for an explosive type contraction

Question 5

in a ballistic movement, as the muscle lengthens

Answer 5

It increases in the intensity of its contraction

Question 6

In an isometric contraction

Answer 6

The muscle exhibit strength but the limbs do not move

Question 7

An isometric contraction is seen in the

Answer 7

Stabilization of a joint or body as when you hold a particular position to execute an exercise

Question 8

A muscle is called ________ when is the main muscle involved in a concentric contraction

Answer 8

Prime mover or agonist

Question 9

An ______ Usually plays a secondary roll to the prime mover muscles involved

Answer 9

Assistant mover

Question 10

An _____ Muscle has an action directly opposite to that of the agonist

Answer 10

Antagonist

Question 11

When an agonist undergoes a concentric contraction,

Answer 11

An antagonist undergoes and eccentric contraction to guide the movement into stabilize the joint

Question 12

Cocontraction

Answer 12

When both the agonist and antagonist undergo contraction

Question 13

Stabilizer

Answer 13

Muscle that studies or holds a body part in place

Question 14

helping synergy:

Answer 14

When two muscles contract together to create one movement.

Question 15

Example of helping synergy exercise

Answer 15

the internal and external oblique muscles contract, they have a tendency to not only perform spinal flexion but to rotate the shoulders. To prevent the rotation, the internal and external oblique muscles cancel out their rotational action and the resultant force is used for spinal flexion.

Question 16

true synergy:

Answer 16

When a muscle contracts to stop the secondary action of another muscle.

Question 17

When a muscle contracts to counteract an undesirable action of another muscle.

Answer 17

neutralizer

Question 18

Examples of sustained force movements

Answer 18

lifting a heavy weight

or isometric exercise

Question 19

Dynamic balance movements

Answer 19

standing on one leg

Question 20

movement in which inertial movement exists after an explosive or quick, maximum-force contraction.

Answer 20

Ballistic movement

Question 21

Guided movement

Answer 21

is movement that occurs when both the agonist and the antagonist contract to control the movement.
ex: writing

Question 22

The human body has three imaginary planes that pass through it; each plane is perpendicular to each of the other two. (what are they?)

Answer 22

Frontal, Sagittal, Transverse

Question 23

sagittal (anteroposterior) plane

Answer 23

“sides” divides the body into left and right portions

Question 24

frontal (coronal) plane:

Answer 24

separates “front/back” or anterior and posterior

Question 25

transverse (horizontal) plane:

Answer 25

Separates the body into “top” superior and inferior (bottom) sections.

Question 26

Six primary movements occur at the joints between the body segments:

Answer 26

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction

Question 27

Flexion is

Answer 27

a decrease in the angle between two body segments.

Question 28

on the arm curl machine, flexion takes place at

Answer 28

the elbow

Question 29

lateral flexion or

Answer 29

bending sideways

Question 30

ulnar flexion or

Answer 30

bending the wrist toward the pinky side of the hand

Question 31

radial flexion or

Answer 31

bending the wrist toward the thumb side

Question 32

dorsiflexion

Answer 32

toes up

Question 33

plantarflexion

Answer 33

toes down

Question 34

Extension is

Answer 34

an increase in the angle between two body segments, or the return from flexion

Question 35

Hyperextension is

Answer 35

the increase in the angle beyond the anatomical point of normal joint movement.

Question 36

Abduction is

Answer 36

the movement of a body segment away from the midline.

Question 37

Examples of abduction include:

Answer 37

a dumbbell lateral raise, spreading of the fingers or toes, or the legs moving apart on a hip abductor machine.

Question 38

Adduction is

Answer 38

the movement of a body segment toward the midline, or the return from abduction, as on the hip adductor machine when the legs come together.

Question 39

Rotation is

Answer 39

the circular movement of a body segment about a long axis

Question 40

Pronation is

Answer 40

the rotation of the forearm to the palms-down position (as in a basketball dribble or on the seated chest press machine).

Question 41

Supination is

Answer 41

the rotation of the forearm segment to the palms-up position (as in doing a standard curl on the arm curl machine).

Question 42

Eversion (also called pronation of the foot) is the

Answer 42

outward tilting of the sole of the foot

Question 43

Inversion (also called supination of the foot) is the

Answer 43

inward tilting of the sole of the foot—a common cause of ankle injuries.

Question 44

Circumduction is

Answer 44

the sequential combination of movements outlining a geometric cone (arm circles)