Unit 6: Module 28 - 30 Flashcards
A system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological states, such as blood pressure or muscle tension
Biofeedback
A biological predisposition to learn associations, such as between taste and nauseam that have no survival value
Preparedness
The tendency of learned behavior to gradually revert to biologically predisposed patterns
Instinctive Drift
A mental representation of the layout of one’s environment. For example, after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a __ __ of it.
Cognitive Map
Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it
Latent learning
A sudden realization of a problem’s solutions; contrasts with strategy-based solutions
Insight
A desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake
Intrinsic Motivation
A desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment
Extrinsic Motivation
Attempting to alleviate stress directly - by changing the stressor or the way we interact with the stressor
Problem-focused coping
Attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to our stress reaction
Emotion-focused coping
Our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
Personal Control
The helplessness and passive resignation an animal or person learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
Learned Helplessness
The perception that we control our own fate
Internal Locus of Control
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate
External Locus of Control
The ability to control impulses and delay short-term gratification for greater long-term rewards
Self Control
Learning by observing others. Also called social learning
Observation Learning
The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior
Modeling
Frontal lobe neurons that some scientists believe fire when we perform certain actions or observe another doing so. The brain’s mirroring of another’s actions may enable imitation or empathy.
Mirror Neurons
Positive, constructive, helpful behavior
Prosocial behavior
Our tendency to become less intrinsically motivated to partake in an activity that we used to enjoy when offered an external inventive such as money or a reward.
Over-justification Effect
A type of learning in which an organism learns to make a particular response in order to terminate an aversive stimulus
Escape Conditioning
The establishment of behavior that prevents or postpones aversive stimulation
Avoidance Conditioning
