Unit 6: Module 28 - 30

Question 1

A system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological states, such as blood pressure or muscle tension

Answer 1

Biofeedback

Question 2

A biological predisposition to learn associations, such as between taste and nauseam that have no survival value

Answer 2

Preparedness

Question 3

The tendency of learned behavior to gradually revert to biologically predisposed patterns

Answer 3

Instinctive Drift

Question 4

A mental representation of the layout of one’s environment. For example, after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a __ __ of it.

Answer 4

Cognitive Map

Question 5

Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it

Answer 5

Latent learning

Question 6

A sudden realization of a problem’s solutions; contrasts with strategy-based solutions

Answer 6

Insight

Question 7

A desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake

Answer 7

Intrinsic Motivation

Question 8

A desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment

Answer 8

Extrinsic Motivation

Question 9

Attempting to alleviate stress directly - by changing the stressor or the way we interact with the stressor

Answer 9

Problem-focused coping

Question 10

Attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to our stress reaction

Answer 10

Emotion-focused coping

Question 11

Our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless

Answer 11

Personal Control

Question 12

The helplessness and passive resignation an animal or person learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

Answer 12

Learned Helplessness

Question 13

The perception that we control our own fate

Answer 13

Internal Locus of Control

Question 14

The perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate

Answer 14

External Locus of Control

Question 15

The ability to control impulses and delay short-term gratification for greater long-term rewards

Answer 15

Self Control

Question 16

Learning by observing others. Also called social learning

Answer 16

Observation Learning

Question 17

The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior

Answer 17

Modeling

Question 18

Frontal lobe neurons that some scientists believe fire when we perform certain actions or observe another doing so. The brain’s mirroring of another’s actions may enable imitation or empathy.

Answer 18

Mirror Neurons

Question 19

Positive, constructive, helpful behavior

Answer 19

Prosocial behavior

Question 20

Our tendency to become less intrinsically motivated to partake in an activity that we used to enjoy when offered an external inventive such as money or a reward.

Answer 20

Over-justification Effect

Question 21

A type of learning in which an organism learns to make a particular response in order to terminate an aversive stimulus

Answer 21

Escape Conditioning

Question 22

The establishment of behavior that prevents or postpones aversive stimulation

Answer 22

Avoidance Conditioning