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Human Anatomy > Unit 4_Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Unit 4_Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What comprises the abdomen-superior boundary?

A

Diaphragm
- Right hemidiaphragm: 4th Interspace
- Left hemidiaphragm: 5th Rib

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2
Q

What are the abdomen boundaries?

A

Diaphragm
- Right hemidiaphragm: 4th Interspace
- Left hemidiaphragm: 5th Rib

Pelvic inlet

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3
Q

What are the muscles of the abdominal wall?

A

Rectus Abdominis

  • Tendinous Intersections
  • Covered by the Rectus Sheath
  • Linea Alba-Aponeurotic Line

External abdominal oblique

Internal abdominal oblique

Transversus abdominis

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4
Q

What innervates the rectus abdominis?

A

Lower 5 Intercostal Nerves (i.e. 7-11)

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5
Q

What innervates external abdominal olique?

A

Lower 5 Intercostal Nerves (i.e. 7-11)

Subcostal Nerve (T12)

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6
Q

What innervates internal abdominal oblique and Transversus abdominis?

A

Lower 5 Intercostal Nerves (i.e. 7-11)

Subcostal Nerve (T12)

Iliohypogastric Nerve (L1)

Ilioinguinal Nerve (L1)

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7
Q

What is the main function of rectus abdomins?

A

Trunk flexion

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8
Q

What does the rectus sheath cover?

A

Anterior surface entirely of rectus abdominis

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9
Q

What is the main function of external abdominal oblique?

A

Trunk rotation

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10
Q

What is the main function of internal abdominal oblique that includes fibers in the same direction as intercostal muscles?

A

Trunk rotation/flexion

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11
Q

What is the main function of transversus abdominis?

A

Compressing the abdominal contents/maintain intra abdominal pressure

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12
Q

What are the muscles of the abdominal wall?

A

Quadratus Lumborum (VPR T12 and L1-4)

Psoas Major & Minor (VPR L2-L4)

Iliacus (Femoral n)

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13
Q

What are the regions of the abdominal wall?

A

4 Quadrants:
Upper Right (Liver)

Upper Left (Spleen)

Lower Right (Appendex)

Lower Left (Colon)

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14
Q

What is formed by Aponeuroses of both Oblique mm and the Transversus Abdominis m and covers the anterior Rectus Abdominis completely, and posteriorly to the Semilunar Line of Douglas?

A

Rectus sheath

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15
Q

What is seen as a weaker area in the abdominal region?

A

The posterior aspect of rectus abdominis

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16
Q

What vessels run on the posterior side of the Rectus Abdominis and anastomose with each other?

A

Superior Epigastric Artery
- Br. of the Internal Thoracic A.

Inferior Epigastric Artery
- Br. of the External Iliac A.

Subcostal aa

Superficial epigastric artery
- Br of Femoral A

17
Q

What do the following describe?

  • Oblique Passage in the groin area
  • 1.5-2.0 Inches Long
  • Present in both Genders
  • Different Contents
A

Inguinal Canal

18
Q

What is a natural pathway/fascial abdominal sheaths that form a canal and allow for descent of testicular aa and vv, cremaster m, spermatic cord (males)?

A

Inguinal canal

19
Q

What is the area that is bound by medial to testicular artery and vein and lateral to rectus abdominis and pyramidalis, and we find weakening due to lack of coverage?

A

Hesselbach’s Triangle

20
Q

Where do Direct Hernias occur?

A

Through Hesselbach’s Triangle

21
Q

Where do Indirect hernias occur?

A

Through deep inguinal ring into canal

22
Q

Where can prostate cancer, skin cancer can occur?

A

Hesselbach’s Triangle

23
Q

Where are the following contents found?

Spermatic Cord contents

Ductus (Vas) Deferens

Testicular Artery

Pampiniform Venous Plexus

Cremaster Muscle

Testis & Epididymis

Genital br of genitofemoral n

Ilioinguinal n

A

Inguinal Canal in males

24
Q

Where are the following contents found?

Ilioinguinal Nerve-sensory to the Labia Majora

Genital Br.-Genitofemoral Nerve-sensory to the Labia Majora

Round Ligament of the Uterus

Fat Pad “Finger of Fat”

A

Inguinal Canal in females

25
Q

What activates the cremastic reflex - contraction of the cremaster muscle?

A

Genital Br.-Genitofemoral n (off of lumbar plexus)

26
Q

Why might the pregnant female complain of pain in their abdominal region?

A

Due to the pressure on the round ligament of the uterus in the inguinal canal

27
Q

If a patient is injured in the low back region/has low back pain, what symptoms may they experience?

A

Difficulty with abdominal contraction/maintaining compression in that region

Human Anatomy (31 decks)

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